THE 



VETERINARY COMPENDIUM 

A COMPENDIUM OF PRACTICAL AND USE- 
FUL INFORMATION. A TREATISE ON 
THE DISEASES, SYMPTOMS AND 
REMEDIES OF LIVE STOCK. 



(Dedicated to the Farmer.) 




COMPILED BY WALES E. VAN AME. 



IT in i si i K.I) ir 



The Live Stock Proprietary Remedy Co., 

FORT WAYNE, INDIANA. 

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THE 



VETERINARY COMPENDIUM 

A COMPENDIUM OF PRACTICAL AND USE- 
FUL INFORMATION. A TREATISE ON 
THE DISEASES, SYMPTOMS AND 
REMEDIES OF LIVE STOCK. 



(Dedicated to the Farmer.) 




COMPILED BY WALES E. VAN AME. 



-PUBLISHED BY — 



The Live Stock Proprietary Remedy Co., 

FORT WAYNE, INDIANA. 
19Q2. — 



/ 



LIBRARY »F 
C«NGR£SS. 
Tiso Cop pfl R« 

APR, 28 1902 

CO^VW«MT ENTRY 

CLASS a XXc. No. 

2. r o / 3 

COPY B. 



Entered according to the Act of Congress. 

in the year 1902, by 

WALES E. VAN AME. 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at 

Washington, D. C. 



^ 












.'. • • • « • • . - 

■ •*•!•••• : • • ■ 

• •••••• i ••••# 

••21! 



CONTENTS. 



INTRODUCTION. 

Page. 

An Open Letter to the Farmer 1 

Causes of Disease 5 

Dry Heat 8 

Fomentations 7 

Heat by Inhalation 8 

How to Observe Disease 5 

How to Order Our Remedies 3 

Hot Water 8 

Modes of Applying Heat 7 

Poultices or Cataplasms 7 

Table for Liquid Measure 4 

Table of Doses 4 

Water 8 

DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

Abscess 11 

Aphthous Thrush 70 

Apoplexy 10 

Atrophy of the Muscles 69 

Black Tongue 13 

Bladder, Inflammation of 39 

Bloody Urine 12 

Bots 14 

Bowels, Inflammation of 38 

Bronchitis 16 

Bruises 62 

Bruises of the Frog 17 

Canker 18 

Capped Hock 19 

Cocked Ankles , < 20 



iv Contents. 

Page. 

Cold ." 19 

Colic Flatulent or Bloating 22 

Colic Spasmodic 21 

Congestion of the Lungs 22 

Corns 24 

Constipation 23 

Costiveness z 23 

Consumption 24 

Coup De Soleil 68 

Cramps 21 

Crib-Biters 25 

Curb 26 

Cystitis 39 

Diabetes 26 

Diarrhoea 27 

Distemper 2'8 

Dropsy 29 

Enteritis 38 

Eye, Inflammation of 40 

Farcy 33 

Fisolow 70 

Fistulous Withers 55 

Founder 30 

Galls 31 

General Debility 32 

Glanders 33 

Glossitis 13 

Gorged Stomach 37 

Gravel in Foot 34 

Grease Heel 34 

Gums Swollen 44 

Haematuria 12 

Heaves 35 

Hepatitis 41 

Hide Bound 36 

Hip and Shoulder Lameness 37 

Inflammation of the Bladder 39 

" " Bowels m 3 g 



Contents. v 

Page. 

Inflammation of the Eye 40 

" " Feet 30 

" " Kidneys 41 

" " Liver 41 

"' " Lungs 43 

" " Lymphatics 42 

" " Mouth 70 

" " Tongue 13 

Indigestion ....'. 37 

Influenza 28 

Itch 48 

Jaundice 72 

Kidneys, Inflammation of 41 

Knee Sprung 43 

Knuckling 20 

Laminitis 30 

Lampas 44 

Liver, Inflammation of 41 

Lock Jaw 46 

Lung Fever 44 

Lungs, Inflammation of 43 

Lymphangitis 42 

Lymphatics, Inflammation of 42 

Mange 48 

Moon Blindness 49 

Nephritis 41 

Nettle Rash 50 

Oedema 70 

Opthalmia Periodic 49 

Palsy 51 

Paralysis 51 

Patella, Dislocation of 64 

Periodic Opthalmia 49 

Pleurisy 52 

Pneumonia 44 

Poll Evil 55 

Pricks in the Foot From Nails 56 

Purples 53 



vi Contents. 

CO 

Purpura Haemorxhagia 

Quarter Cracks ' 

^ ... 56 

Quittor 

Rectum Worms 

59 
Ring Bone 

Ring Worm 

57 
Rheumatism 

Salivation 61 

Scabies 48 

Sand Cracks 60 

Shoulder and Hip Lameness 37 

Side Bones 65 

Slobbers 61 

Sores 65 

Sore Shoulders 31 

Spavin Bog 63 

Bone 64 

" Blood 63 

Occult 64 

Splint 62 

Sprains 62 

Stifle-Joint Lameness 64 

Stomatitis 70 

Strangles 28 

Stranguary 66 

Stringhalt 67 

Stump-Suckers 25 

Sunstroke 68 

Surfeit 50 

Sweeney 69 

Swelled Legs 70 

Swinney 69 

Swollen Gums 44 

Tetanus 46 

Thisolow 55 

Thrush in the Foot 71 

" " Mouth 70 

Tongue, Inflammation of 13 

Warts 71 



Contents. vn 

Page. 

Wind Galls 72 

Wind-Suckers 25 

Worms, Rectum I 5 

Yellows 72 

DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

Abortion 75 

Prevention of 76 

Aphtha 108 

Apoplexy, Spleenic 106 

Black Quarter 77 

Black Tongue 78 

Black Water 104 

Bladder, Inflammation of 90 

Bloating 79 

Bloody Urine 79 

Bronchitis 80 

Cancerous Ulcers 98 

Choking 81 

Colic * 83 

Consumption 84 

Contagious Typhus 103 

Cow Pox 85 

Croup 85 

Cud, Loss of ,. 86 

Cystitis 90 

Diarrhoea 87 

Chronic 87 

In Calves 88 

Simple 87 

Epizootic Aphtha 101 

Fardel Bound , 89 

Foul Claw 89 

Foul in the Foot 89 

Garget Mammitis 93 

General Debility 89 

Glossitis 78 

Haematuria 79 



viii Contents. 

I Page. 

Hepatitis 91 

Hoose in Calves 90 

Hoven ? 9 

Hydatides 107 

Inflammation of the Bladder 90 

" " Liver 91 

" " Lungs 92 

" " Udder 93 

Impaction of the Omasum 94 

Jaundice 96 

Joint Felon 77 

Liver, Inflammation of 91 

Lock Jaw 96 

Loss of Cud 86 

Lump Jaw 98 

Lungs, Inflammation of 92 

Mad Staggers 98 

Mange 99 

Milk Fever 99 

Prevention of 100 

Milk Trembles 101 

Murrain 101 

Phrenitis ■ . 98 

Plague 103 

Pneumonia 92 

Quarter Evil 77 

Red Water 104 

Rinderpest 103 

Ring Worm 105 

Scours gg 

Sore Mouth 103 

Sore Teats 195 

Spleenic Apoplexy _ 106 

Stomach Staggers 79 

Sturdy ^ 

Tetanus og 

Texan Fever 10g 

Thrush in the Mouth 108 



Contents. ix 

Page. 

Tympanitis * • • ^9 

Udder, Inflammation of — 93 

Warts 109 

"White Scours 88 

Worms • .109 

DISEASES OF SHEEP. 

Braxy 113 

Charbon 113 

Cold in the Head 112 

Colic 113 

Congestion of the Liver 114 

Constipation 115 

Costiveness 115 

Diarrhoea 115 

Distemper .116 

Epizootic 116 

Flukes in the Liver 122 

Foot Lameness 117 

Foot Rot 117 

Foul in the Foot 117 

Garget 118 

Gravel 117 

Hoof Rot 117 

Hoose 120 

Husk 120 

Inflammation of the Udder 118 

Influenza 116 

Liver, Congestion of .114 

Liver Rot 122 

Lung Fever 119 

Lung Worms in Lambs 120 

Maggots 120 

Mange 123 

Medicine, The Administration of 112 

Milk Fever 121 

Pale Disease 120 

Parturient Fever 121 



x Contexts. 

Page. 

11Q 

Pneumonia 

122 



Rot 

Scab 123 

Scours in Lambs 115 

Sheep and Lamb Department m 

Snuffles 112 

Spleenic Apoplexy 113 

Stretches 113 

Udder. Inflammation of 118 

Worms 125 

DISEASES OF THE HOG. 

Ague Cake 126 

Anthrax 128 

Charbon 128 

Cholera, Hog 127 

Cold 131 

Contagious Pneumo-Enteritis 128 

Cough 131 

Diarrhoea 135 

Epilepsy 136 

Epizootic Catarrh 132 

Haemorrhoides 134 

Itch 134 

Mange 134 

Measles 133 

Piles 134 

Scab 134 

Scours 135 

Spleenitis 126 

Staggers 136 

Strangles 137 

Tonsilitis 137 

Quinsy 137 

Worms 137 

DISEASES OF POULTRY. 

Asthma 141 



Contents. xi 

Page. 

Bumble Foot 141 

Canker 142 

Chicken Pox 142 

Cholera 143 

Crop Bound 144 

Diarrhoea 144 

Diseases of Poultry 139 

Egg Producer (See Very Important) 149 

Frozen Combs I 44 

Gapes l 4 ^ 

Leg Weakness 145 

Lice 146 

Moulting 147 

Pip 148 

Roup 148 

Scaly Legs 149 

Sore Heads 149 

DISEASES OF THE DOG. 

Bowels, Inflammation of 155 

Canker of the Ear 150 

Colic ..151 

Constipation 152 

Diarrhoea 152 

Distemper 153 

Dysentery 152 

Fits 155 

Hydrophobia 157 

Inflammation of the Bowels 155 

" " Lungs 156 

Itch 158 

Lung Fever 156 

Madness 157 

Mange 157 

Pneumonia 156 

Rabies 157 

Scab 157 

Tape Worm 159 

Worms 158 



AN OPEN LETTER 

TO THE FARMER. 



Dear Sir: — In presenting this complete work to you, 
treating on the diseases of live stock, we have used the 
utmost care in selecting the best remedies that are known 
to the Veterinary Profession. 

Our aim is to make perfectly clear to you, in plain 
English language, that which is of great need to the 
farmer; where he has more or less live stock, which you 
must admit is a necessary part of your resources. Our 
business is a Live Stock Proprietary Remedy Co., for the 
purpose of furnishing to you, the best known remedies 
for diseases that your stock is subject to, at a much less 
price than it would cost you, to employ a veterinary sur- 
geon. In other words be your own veterinary, thereby 
saving time, especially in the busy season, which means 
money to you, and in a great many cases saving the life 
of your valuable stock. For illustration — Your horse 
is attacked with spasmodic colic, which is a very severe 
and dangerous ailment, and unless prompt action is taken, 
you are very liable to loose your horse. If you rely on 
the veterinarys aid, what is the result? You are obliged to 
take time and go to town, you may find the veterinary, 
but usually you do* not. In either case it consumes some 
hours of time; not only a loss in your time, but the ex- 
pense of the veterinary. In the mean time, your stock 



2 An Open Letter to the Farmer. 

i 

is not only suffering- for the want of assistance, but pos- 
sibly may be dead before you return home; in any event 
the veterinary must be paid. We have made it possible 
to obviate all this trouble and mitigate the expense, by 
placing within your reach such proprietary remedies, at 
a nominal cost with full instructions, which will enable 
you to administer or apply our remedies without the least 
uncertainty or difficulty. 

We will send you a list of the diseases your stock are 
most subject to; by having the remedies for these dis- 
eases on hand, in cases of emergency, as we said before, 
will save you time, money, and your stock. These rem- 
edies apply to acute diseases, such as we will enumerate 
in our letter to you. 

If your stock is afflicted with any chronic disease, any 
remedy, specified in our book, with full directions accom- 
paning each remedy will be sent to you, on application. 

BEWARE of advertised medicines, that claim to cure 
everything from one bottle; this is not only against reason, 
but decidedly against science. Every disease requires 
different treatment and remedies. Therefore, we say 
again BEWARE OF CUREALLS. 

Thanking you in advance for your appreciation of our 
endeavors, to place within your reach the opportunity of 
saving money, and for your valued patronage, we are, 

Very respectfully yours, 
LIVE STOCK PROPRIETARY REMEDY CO., 

Fort Wayne, Ind. 



HOW TO ORDER OUR REMEDIES. 3 

HOW TO ORDER OUR REMEDIES. 

In ordering remedies be sure to write plain the num- 
ber of the remedy, and the name of the disease. Sign 
your name in full, nearest Exppress Office, Post Office, 
County and State. If you will kindly adhere to these in* 
strtictions, packages will NEVER be lost. 

All remedies will be sent C. O. D. by Express; but 
if money is enclosed with the order, we will prepay Ex- 
press Charges, which will lessen the cost of the remedies 
to you, and save us time in bookkeeping. In ordering 
a small amount of our remedies, it is always best to inclose 
the proper amount for the payment of same. 

Send money by Post Office Order, Express Order or 
Bank Draft, made payable to the Live Stock Proprietary 
Remedy Co., Fort Wayne, Ind. UNDER NO CON- 
SIDERATION enclose money in a letter, as the postal 
department will not guarantee the safe delivery of letters 
with money enclosed. All remittances by Post Office or 
Express Order are at our risk. Do not send money or 
Postal Note in letter without registering; we will not be 
responsible for the safe delivery of money, if the above in- 
structions are not strictly adhered to. 



VERY IMPORTANT. 

No difference how often you have written us, always 
give your full Name, Post Office, Express Office, County 
and State. Our Mail-order business is so enormous, it 
is impossible for our corresponding clerks to remember 
the address of our patrons. 



4 Table of Doses. 

TABLE OF DOSES 

Giving the Different Proportions According to the 
Ages of Horses and Cattle. 

Whatever the dose of a full-grown horse may be, a 
colt three years old only requires three-fourths as much. 
A two year old one-half as much. A yearling one-third 
as much. The same proportion may be observed in cat- 
tle from oue year old and upwards. The dose for a one- 
year old animal, is one-third of the dose of a full grown 
horse or ox: therefore, the dose for a calf or colt four 
weeks old, will be one-twelfth as much as the dose for the 
yearling. And the dose for a two months' old calf or 
colt, is one-sixth as much' as the dose for a yearling. For 
an animal only one week old, the dose will be one-fourth 
a? much as the animal aged four weeks. 

In speaking of drachms, ounces, etc., if you have not 
a measure convenient, the following table will answer the 
purpose. 



TABLE FOR LIQUID MEASURE. 

One tablespoonful is equal to one-half ounce. 

One dessertspoonful is equal to .... two fluid drachma. 

One teaspoonful is equal to one fluid drachm. 

One wineglassful is equal to one and one-half fluid ounces. 



Causes op Disease. 5 

CAUSES OF DISEASE. 

In the following table will be found the principal causes 
of disease: 

i. Electric, and other conditions of the atmosphere. 

2. Innutritions and improper food. 

3. Impure water. 

4. Overwork, overloading, driving to far and to fast. 

5. Poisons — vegetable, animal, mineral, and zumins, 
or ferments. 

6. Age — an old animal without teeth to chew or mas- 
ticate its food. 

7. Changes in temperature — taking an animal from a 
warm stable and exposing it to a cold, northeastern storm. 
Or overheating and allowing the animal to stand without 
protection from exposure. 

8. Malformations. 

9. Hereditary influences. 



HOW TO OBSERVE DISEASE. 

Animals cannot speak and narrate their ills and aches, 
but "a shut mouth tells no lies ;" thereby nobody is deceived. 
Farmers should have no difficulty in recognizing disease 
when it appears in any of their domestic animals : As the un- 
easy eye, the anxious expression, and the peculiar look, tell 
the tale of suffering, and bear true and faithful testimony. 
And if a horse has a bruised heel it elevates it from the 
ground, and will not set its foot flat to please, or it may be 
said to deceive any one. The pulse tells much, and can be 
felt on the inner angle of the lower jaw. In inflammations 
and fevers the frequency of the pulse is increased. In de- 
bility and depression it is slower, but sometimes quicker than 



6 How to Observe Disease. 

natural. The pulse of inflammation and fever numbers from 
seventy-five to eighty beats in the minute ; and in great debil- 
ity the pulse will number one hundred beats per minute. The 
pulse is more frequent in young than old animals. In the 
full-grown and healthy horse it beats thirty-two to thirty- 
eight in the minute ; in the ox or cow, thirty-five to forty- 
two ; in the sheep seventy to eighty-five ; and in the dog, from 
ninety to ninety-eight. A good sized healthy horse, will take 
one inspiration to three of the pulse beats. When the 
breathing is more frequent or. slower, and when irregular, or 
laborious and difficult, there is then disease. Both the pulse 
and breathing will be quickened by exposure to heat or over- 
exercise, but by placing the animal in a cool, well ventilated 
stable, the breathing and pulse will be lessened. 

Bleeding in domestic as well as veterinary practice, is 
almost discarded and obsolete. Blood-letting and over-phy- 
sicking are powerful and depressing agents ; so> much so, 
that when carried to any extent, few, if any animals will 
have vitality to combat the disease. Let the strength of 
the animal be maintained, because if that failed, where is the 
chance of recovery ? Avoid these measures, and substitute a 
rational and successful system of treating the diseases of 
your animals. 

The reader of this book cannot fail to see how simple it 
is to ascertain the disease your animal in suffering from, 
and how successfully you can arrest and cure diseases of 
your domestic animals, by adopting our method of treat- 
ment. And it will surely be infinitely more profitable for 
yourself and pleasant for the faithful, loving animal to have 
you assist it to over-come disease, by your own art and med- 
icine, than to realize that it must look to< some other than its 
master for care or help. The dumb brute never forgets the 
one who relieves its sufferings. 



- Modes of Applying Heat. 7 

MODES OF APPLYING HEAT. 

POULTICES OR CATAPLASMS.— Poultices are 
compositions for the local application of heat and moisture. 
They are made of flaxseed meal, bran, oatmeal, bread, pota- 
toes and carrots. One or other of these is stirred up in 
boiling water until a thick, pasty consistency is reached. 
This mass may then be applied, while very hot, directly to 
the parts, and the whole is covered by a heavy cloth. Or 
spread the mass on a piece of bagging (do this very quickly 
so as not to cool the mass) and while steaming hot, apply. 
Keep the poultice from drying by occasionally wetting it 
with warm water. A very hot poultice acts as a counter- 
irritant in contracting blood vessels in more remote parts, 
besides its effect in abating pain. A warm, moist poultice, 
softens broken down and dead tissues, and aids suppuration 
and sloughing. 

CAUTION. — In poulticing a horses foot, always apply 
the poultice to the sole of the foot. Never in any instance 
apply the poultice around the hoof, for if you do, in the ma- 
jority of cases, the hoof will fall off. 

FOMENTATIONS.— Are simply local baths, applied 
by means of a sponge or cloth. Usually, water alone is used, 
but Laudanum, Vinegar, Saline, and other remedies suit- 
able to the ailment are sometimes added. They may be used 
to cleanse wounds or parts of dried discharges. The tem- 
perature must be regulated to the nature of the disorder, 
and the portion of the body where it is situated. When ap- 
plied to the eye, the degree of heat should not go beyond 
ioo degrees Fahr. For external inflammations, bruises, etc. 
the water can be as hot as can be borne by the hand, and 
for internal inflammations as in pleurisy, inflammation of 
the bowels, bladder, etc., should have a greater heat. When 



8 Modes of Applying Heat. 

fomentations are applied very hot, they act as counter-irri- 
tants. When applied warm, they produce a mild., stimulat- 
ing, soothing and softening effect. They should be applied 
for a considerable length of time — one-half hour at least — 
and be followed by drying and bandaging. Fomentations 
reduce swellings and pain, and hasten repair in brui 
strains and local inflammation. 

HEAT BY INHALATION.— Inhalations are some- 
times used with good effect in diseases of the nostrils, 
throat and breathing organs. The moist heat has a sooth- 
ing action on the nerves, and tends to loosen dry exudations. 
The best method consists in placing a bucket containing a 
boiling mash under the horses nose. A dog may be placed 
on the seat of a cane bottom chair, and covered loosely with 
a sheet over the whole, the steam being generated in a vessel 
beneath. 

DRY HEAT. — Dry heat may be applied by means of 
hot blankets, hot water bags, hot salt or sand in cloth bags 
Dry* heat is often preferable to moist heat for simply re- 
lieving pain or congestion, as animals are less apt to become 
chilled by draughts and evaporation from the surface after- 
wards. 

HOT WATER. — Is usually applied by blankets wrung 
out of hot water, and applied quickly. The water should be 
very hot (not warm.) 



WATER. 



Diseases of stock, especially diarrhoea, are very often 
caused by drinking water which contains germs. It is very 
important that water be free from impurities. Water in shal- 
low wells or wells and ponds situated near cess-pools and 



Water. 9 

manure-heaps, also river water which is usually contamin- 
ated with sewerage, and stored rain water is dangerous. The 
only water that is pure and can be relied upon, is that which 
comes from springs, deep wells and upland surface water. 
Pure water can generally be determined by its clearness and 
lack of taste or smell. Water three times a day will be suf- 
ficient for a horse when at rest, but when laboring small 
quantities should be given frequently. When a horse is 
warm a few pounds of hay should be given immediately 
after a few swallows of water, after which the animal should 
rest at least an hour before feeding. Horses should never 
be permitted to drink ice cold water. Although cattle are not 
so susceptible to the ill effects as the horse, as they have 
four stomachs while the horse has but one. Yet, it is 
preferable not to give them ice water. 



DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 

THEIR CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND 
TREATMENT, 

Alphabetically Arranged for the Benefit of the Reader. 




APOPLEXY. 

Is caused by rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, 
water on the brain producing pressure, or too small a 
collar on a thick necked horse. 



Diseases of the Horse. 11 

SYMPTOMS:— The animal suddenly falls to the 
ground, loosing the power both of feeling and motion; 
breathing slow and deep; the head is hot. If the pres- 
sure is limited, unconciousness will last only for a short 
time, and with proper attention the animal will recover; 
but will ever afterwards be unsafe for carriage use, as after 
having one attack, another may occur at any moment, 
and during these fits the horse may become unmanageable, 
and can only be controlled by a greater power than his 
own. If the attack is severe, it usually proves fatal; and 
if the animal should recover, paralysis is sure to be pres- 
ent in some portion of the body. 

TREATMENT: — Apply chopped ice in bags, or cold 
water cloths to the head. Keep the head elevated. Keep 
up a circulation and warmth in the limbs, by rubbing 
them ; apply a little mustard and bandage with flannel. 
As soon as the animal regains consciousness, sufficient so 
that it can swallow, give the following: 

Powdered Aloes one ounce. 

Calomel one drachm. 

Powdered Gentian two drachms. 

Mix in a pint of water and give as a drench. Fol- 
low this with our 

REMEDY NO. 87 AS DIRECTED. 

Price $1.00. 



ABSCESS. 

This is sometimes called a beeling. An abscess is a 
formation of pus under the skin. There is also abscess of 
the liver, brain, and in fact, it may occur in any portion of 
the body. 



12 Diseases of the Horse. 

SYMPTOMS:— Heat, swelling and pain, a promi- 
nence on the swelling from which the hair falls off, dis- 
closing a yellow, white and soft part upon the point. 

TREATMENT:— It is not advisable to open an ab- 
scess, before the pus has properly formed. In a common 
abscess, it will only be necessary to hasten the formation 
of pus, by applying poultices of flaxseed, and when the 
point is soft, make an opening on its lowest dependent 
point with a sharp knife, so the discharge can escape. 
And then apply • 

Rain Water one ounce. 

Chloride of Zinc six grains. Mix. 

And apply to the abscess twcie daily. 



BLOODY URINE— HAEMATURIA. 

This disease is more prevalent among cattle and 
sheep than horses. When horses are troubled with 
bloody urine, it is generally caused by strains of some 
description; as slipping, or starting a heavy load, rearing 
or jumping, straining those muscles that are situated in 
the regions of the kidneys. Gravel in the kidneys or 
bladder is one of the causes. 

SYMPTOMS: — The urine may be almost black and 
loaded with clots, or it may be only slightly smoky or 
pinkish in color. The blood may be voided without the 
discharge of urine. Clots may precede or follow the 
urine. 

TREATMENT:— Apply cold water cloths over the 
back above the kidneys; give flaxseed tea as a drink. Feed 
on steamed or boiled feed, cut grass, or any green feed. 
Plenty of cold water should be given to drink at all times, 



Diseases of the Horse. 13 

as the more fluid that goes into the body, the less irrita- 
tion of the bladder and kidneys. 
Give our 

REMEDY NO. 55 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, $1.50. 



BLACK TONGUE. 

Inflammation of the Tongue. 

(Glossitis.) 

An inflammation of the tissues of the tongue. It 
may develop under the influence of mercurial poison, or 
as a consequence of direct injury. Croton oil and other 
acrid matters taken into the mouth may cause it; burns, 
blows, and the poison of insects have caused it. It may 
be produced by diseased teeth, but sometimes occurs in 
old horses without any apparent cause. 

SYMPTOMS: — At first the tongue has an intense 
red appearance and is slightly swollen. This is soon fol- 
lowed by so great an enlargement of the organ, that it 
entirely fills the mouth and protrudes beyond the teeth, at 
which time it becomes hard and black, and its surface is 
covered by a thick secretion. There is a sensation of 
heat in the mouth, and the swelling often causes severe 
pain. The glands at the angle of the jaw are enlarged 
and tender, and all movements of the tongue in chewing 
or swallowing becomes exceedingly painful, and frequent- 
ly impossible. Difficult breathing and inability to lie 
down are sometimes caused, by the obstruction to> the free 
entrance of the air into the lungs. In extreme cases 
death has occurred from suffocation. 



14 Dl^ OF THE HORS^.. 

TREATMENT:— Ii letect this malady in time, 

or while the horse is still able to swallow, give without de- 
lay one quart raw linseed oil, and if the patient is not able 
swallow, give an injection of soapsuds one quart, to 
which add one teaspoonful of Turpentine. Apply ice free- 
3 the tongue, and with a clean knife free from any 
foreign substance scarify the upper surface of the tongue, 
by making deep and free incis: Wash the mouth and 

bathe the tongue three or four times a day with our 
REMEDY XO. 49 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 75 cents. 
If absersse^ form, they should be promptly opened and 
.led with the above remedy No. 49. If there is a de- 
sire to eat and the animal can swallow, give flaxseed gruel 
or bran mash. 



BOTS. 

The bot worms which inhabit the body of the her re. 
consists of many varieties; some are harmless, while 
others are detrimental to the horsr. The first variety we 
will mention, inhabit the stomach. Second, those that 
infest the rectum. 

STOMACH BOTS. — In the summer months, when 
horses are turned out to pasture, the gad flies deposite 
their eggs on the sides and legs of the horse, and find 
their way to the stomach from the horse licking and bit- 
ing itself, and is then speedily generated into the bot 
worm. If the bots e:::?: in large quantities in the stomach, 
indigestion and colic may be the result 

SYMPTOMS: — A horse in this condition will not 
thrive, and owing to its weakness will easily become 



Diseases of the Horse. 15 



fatigued. If the horse looses flesh after being pastured, 
without apparent cause, it is an indication that the stomach 
is infested with worms. 

TREATMENT :— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 94 AS DIRECTED. 
This remedy will dislodge and destroy these 
worms, and save 3 the life of the animal, if it is given 
in time. It is a conceded fact, that after these worms 
have penetrated' the stomach, it will be impossible to save 
the life of the horse. The condition of the horse must 
be improved to cope with the debilitating effects of the 
worms. Our 

REMEDY NO. 52 GIVEN AS DIRECTED, 
will greatly assist in building up the animal's strength, and 
keeping it in a condition for use. 

Price of remedy No. 94, 75 cents. 

Price of remedy No, 52, 50 cents. 

Price of above remedies combined, $1.00. 

RECTUM WORMS:— Like that of the stomach is 
the result of running to pasture. The eggs instead of be- 
ing deposited on the sides and legs, are stuck to the muzzle 
or lips of the horse, and being the color of the skin are 
not often noticed. 

SYMPTOMS: — The worms of this species will be 
seen about the anus and under the tail, which is very irri- 
tating and is a source of great uneasiness to the animal. 
This annoyance is manifested to a large extent among 
spirited or high life horses. 

TREATMENT :— Give our 

REMEDIES NOS. 52 AND 53 AS DIRECTED. 



16 Diseases of the Horse. - 

If directions are explicitly followed, the worms will be 
quickly and thoroughly exterminated. 

Price of remedies Xo. 52 and 53, ~$ cents. 



BRONCHITIS. 

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the air passages or 
bronchial tubes. This is a very common disease among 
horses. It occasionally follows distemper, influenza, or 
even common cold or sore throat; or may be caused by 
standing in draughts when heated. Inhaling irritating 
gasses and smoke. It occurs in various degrees of in- 
tenrity. 

SYMPTOMS:— Disease is ushered in by a chill, de- 
pression, appetite wholly lost, harsh cough, heaving at 
the flanks, mouth hot and dry, fever. In a few days there 
will bo a discharge of pus from the nostrils, although 
some of the discharge may drop into the pharynx or throat 
and be swallowed. The bowels are generally consti- 
pated and the dung is covered with mucus. Breathing 
labored and quick. 

TREATMEXT: — Place the animal in a comfortable 
place with proper ventilation. If the weather is cold or 
chillv, blanket the horse well. Rub the legs with the 
hands until they are warm, and bandage to the knees with 
flannel; if the legs do. not get warm from hand rubbing ap- 
ply whisk}- and red pepper. Give our 

REMEDY XO. 33 FOLLOWED BY, 

REMEDY XO. 34 AS DIRECTED. 

Give plenty of cold water to drink, for pain and fever 

require plenty of fluid, as all the secretions are dried up. 

Do not give physic to remove the constipation, but ad- 



Diseases of the Horse. ■. 17 

minister injections of warm water and castile soap. Let 
the animal have a little grass, if it can be had; this will re- 
lax the bowels and cool the stomach. Feed on soft feed. 
Our treatment will prevent debility, and the pouring out 
of fluid or serum into the legs, sheath, belly and breast. 
After the fever has been allayed, allow good nourishing 
food and plenty of it. This treatment will not only cure 
the horse in five or six days, but the horse is left in sound 
condition, which to frequently is not the case. But re- 
member, do not put the horse to work to soon after re- 
covery, as a relapse may develop into a chronic case, or 
an incurable case of thick wind. 

Price of remedies Nos. 33 and 34 complete, $1.50. 



BRUISES OF THE FROG. 

CAUSES : — Stepping on hard or frozen ground, or 
any hard substance. 

SYMPTOMS: — If the animal travels on three legs, 
or uses only the toe when walking, the case is quite se- 
vere. By examining the foot the injury can be readily 
located. If it is soft to the touch, there is a formation of 
pus. As soon as the pus is allowed to escape, the lame- 
ness is less prominent. 

TREATMENT: — When examining the foot, if yoxi 
find only inflammation without pus, bathe the foot in cold 
water, which undoubtedly will prevent any further devel- 
opments, and will be all that is necessary to effect a cure. 
But if on examining the foot you find a formation of pus, 
make an opening to allow it to exude. Then poultice the 
sole of the foot, for twenty-four hours witli linseed meal. 
After removing the poultice, cleanse thoroughly, and ap- 
ply our 



18 Diseases of the Horse. 

REMEDY NO. 78 AS DIRECTED. 
If much of the frog has become loosened, remove that 
portion with a knife. 

Price of remedy No. 78, 50 cents. 



CANKER. 

The essential principle of this affection, is the pecul- 
iar tendency in the horses foot to grow and produce proud 
flesh. As it is rarely seen in high dry districts, it is evi- 
dent that moisture paves the way for this disease. In- 
juries to the sensitive sole by bruises, nails, etc., may pro- 
duce it, or it may be the result of a neglected case of 
thrush. 

SYMPTOMS:— When this disease is the result of an 
injury, there is a bad smelling discharge, and the injured 
part does not show any inclination to heal. Soft, spongy, 
unhealthy growths grow from the frog and sole. As 
the disease advances, lameness will be a prominent symp- 
tom. 

TREATMENT: — This disease is very stubborn and 
difficult to treat. Nevertheless cases, and very hard ones, 
too, have been cured but not in one day; it sometimes 
takes weeks. Place the animal in a dry stall, cut out all 
the diseased tissues or sole, until it bleeds freely. It will 
be necessary to use a knife to remove the dead sole, and 
most of the proud flesh can be removed in the same man- 
ner; if there is the least trace of any remaining proud 
flesh, take caustic potash and reduce to a coarse powder, 
as quickly as possible, and immediately lay it upon the raw 
surface. If the first application does not sufficiently re- 
move it, apply the potash again on the following day. 



Diseases of the Horse. • 19 

After the proud flesh has been entirely taken off, apply 
daily our 

REMEDY NO. 75 AS DIRECTED. 
If our instructions which accompany No. 75, are care- 
fully followed, even very bad cases will be cured. 
Price of remedy No. 75, $1.75. 



CAPPED HOCK. 

This affection consists of a soft swelling or serious 
abcess, situated on the point of the hock joint. It is 
caused by kicking or being kicked by another horse. It 
rarely causes any lameness. 

TREATMENT: — Prevent the cause by placing the 
animal in a stall where it can not injure itself or become 
injured, and apply cold water cloths to the part during the 
day, discontinuing at night, until the heat and tenderness 
have subsided; as soon as this has been accomplished ap- 
ply our 

REMEDY NO. 86 AS DIRECTED. 
Price of remedy No. 86, 50 cents. 



COLD. 

We will not dwell on the causes and symptoms of 
cold, as we feel confident every farmer is familiar with this 
disease, and can readily detect its appearance. No dis- 
ese is more common among young horses than cold ; 
which in itself is not serious, and frequently the animal 
recovers without treatment when given good care; but 
unfortunately complications arise, and before the owner 
of the animal is aware of it, some serious malady has set 



20 Diseases of the Horse. 

in. Therefore, "as an ounce of prevention is worth a 
pound of cure," it is wise not to let a cold run its course. 
But give our 

REMEDY NO. 32 AS DIRECTED. 
Blanket the horse and give green feed, if it can be had, 
if not, give soft feed. 

Price of remedy No. 32, 75 cents. 



COCKED ANKLES OR KNUCKLING. 

CAUSES: — This disease is caused by pulling hard, 
especially on hilly roads ; fast driving upon hard roads ; 
weakness in the part from the effects of sprains ; slipping 
on smooth pavements. Many young foals knuckle badly. 

TREATMENT:— The young colt will usually gain 
strength and be alright in a few hours; but if after it is. a 
few days old it continues to knuckle, it is advisable to 
pad some belting with cotton batting or wool, and make 
a brace to extend from the foot to the knee, fasten it on 
with the leg perfectly straight: care must be taken not to 
bind to tight ; examine every day or two, to make sure 
it is not chafing the leg, and as soon as the colt can stand 
straight without it, remove it. For knuckling in grown 
horses use our 

REMEDY NO. 84 AS DIRECTED. 
This remedy strengthens the muscles, ligaments and 
tendons to that extent, that they soon adapt themselves 
to their proper functions, and force the joints to their 
place. 

Price of remedy No. 84, $1.00.* 



Diseases of the Horse. 21 

COLIC— SPASMODIC COLIC— CRAMPS. 

CAUSES: — Anything that will cause indigestion or 
irritation of the intestinal canal, will produce colic. The 
principal causes are: drinking cold water when over- 
heated, or colder water than the horse has been in the habit 
of drinking. Change of feed from oats to corn, sudden 
changes in temperature from hot to cold, exposed to' rain 
or driving a horse into a pond of cold water. 

SYMPTOMS:— The horse appears uneasy, and all 
at once the horse that a few moments before was well, ap- 
parently, leaves his feed and looks around at his flank as 
if pointing out the seat of pain, commences to paw the 
ground, sometimes falling upon its knees, and almost 
strikes its belly with one of the hind feet. As the spasms 
continue and the pain becomes more intense, the horse 
breaks out into a sweat, heaving at the flanks, tumbling, 
rolling and becomes greatly excited. 

TREATMENT: — If the pain continues to increase, 
and the animal is not relieved, inflammation of the bowels 
may result, or the horse may die from pain or exhaustion. 
Give the horse plenty of bedding, so there will be less 
danger of his bruising or injuring himself. Give im- 
mediately our 

REMEDY NO. 26 FOLLOWED BY, 
REMEDY NO. 27 AS DIRECTED. 

Rub briskly the legs and abdomen, occasionally walk 
the horse about, to excite the bowels to action. After 
the pains have subsided, it is advisable to give a good 
physic — one pint of linseed oil being preferable. If nec- 
essary give injections of warm soap suds. 

As this disease is liable to attack your stock at a 



22 Diseases of the Horse. 

moments warning, you should never be without these rem- 
edies. 

Price of remedies Nos. 26 and 27 complete, $1.50. 



COLIC FLATULENT OR BLOATING COLIC. 

SYMPTOMS:— Are similar to spasmodic colic, with 
the exception that the animal bloats, causing a distention 
of the bowels, and belches gas. This disease if not treated 
at the onset, will speedily end in the death of the animal. 

TREATMENT:— Immediately give an injection, 
composed of enough soap added to one quart of warm 
water to form a suds, to which add a handful of table salt, 
and follow this treatment by giving our 

REMEDIES NOS. 26 AND 27 AS DIRECTED. 

We will take occasion to mention, that every farmer 
should have a syringe suitable for all kinds of stock; it 
certainly will save time, and many times the lives of your 
stock. 

Price of remedies Nos. 26 and 27 complete, $1.50. 



CONGESTION OF THE LUNGS. 

Congestion of the lungs is an excessive amount of 
blood in the lungs. When horses are kept in the stable 
without sufficient exercise, and well groomed, the blood 
vessels become weak, and for the want of power are unable 
to contract and empty themselves. When the horse is 
in this condition if called upon for severe exertion, either 
by work or driving, congestion of the lungs is frequently 
the result. Any horse over-exerted on a warm day may 
be stricken with congestion. 



Diseases of the Horse. 23 

SYMPTOMS:— The horse blows, nostrils expanded, 
heaving - at the flanks, trembling and distress is apparent 
over the entire body; the animal is stupid and the eyes are 
blood-shot; large drops of perspiration roll off the body, 
limbs become cold, heart beats rapid, breathing labored 
and wheezy. 

TREATMENT: — Encourage the blood to the skin 
and legs, by rubbing briskly and bandaging; blanket, al- 
low free access to cool air, if there is any wind blowing kt 
the animal have the full benefit, by turning its head in that 
direction. Give four ounces of brandy or whiskey in 
half pint of warm water, every half hour, until three doses 
are given. Followed by our 

REMEDY NO. 40 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 75 cents. 



CONSTIPATION— COSTIVENESS. 

Fecal retention, stopping or stoppage of the bowels; 
state of the bowels in which the evacuations do not take 
place as frequently as usual, or are inordinately hard or 
expelled with difficulty, owing to diminished action of the 
muscular coat of the intestines, or to diminished secretions 
from the mucus membrane or both. 

TREATMENT: — The exciting and predisponent 

causes must be inquired into and obviated. Feed the 

animal bran mash one day, and give at one dose one quart 

of raw linseed oil. If the constipation is chronic, use our 

REMEDY NO. 46 AS DIRECTED. 

Price, 75 cents. 



24 Diseases of the Horse. 

CONSUMPTION. 

Consumption is the result of attacks of influenza, lung 
fever and bronchitis, when these diseases have not had 
proper treatment. Depleting the system of the horse by 
bleeding during any of these attacks, is very liable to pro- 
duce consumption. Consumption is an incurable dis- 
ease, therefore, to much caution cannot be exercised in 
the treatment of any of the inflammatory diseases/ such as 
influenza, lung fever, etc. Consumption may be heredi- 
tary. 

TREATMENT:— As consumption is incurable, the 
treatment is only to alleviate the animal. The conditions of 
consumption are the same, whether in man or animal. To 
prolong life, give four ounces of whisky in half pint of 
warm water every four hours, until you have given three 
doses. After which 

Sulphate of Iron two drachms. 

Powdered Gentian two drachms. 

Should be given three times a day mixed with cut or 
soft feed. If the animal will not eat it readily, mix in one 
quart of water and give as a drench. The horse should 
be placed in a well ventilated stall, and blanketed to keep 
warm. This is about all that can be done for the poor 
animal. 



CORNS. 

Corns are red spots on the sole of the foot, usually 
found on the inner portion although sometimes found on 
the outer quarter. The principal cause is a bruise, gen- 
erally produced by bad shoeing or from the shoes shifting 
from their proper position. Allowing the horse to go to 



Diseases of the Horse. 25 

long before removing, the shoes, or by removing them be- 
fore the foot has grown from the shoes. 

SYMPTOMS:— Lameness and stumbling when driv- 
en. Red spot on the sole of the foot, which, upon being 
pressed causes the horse to evince pain. Sometimes the 
corn suppurates, in such cases the animal will hesitate to 
place the foot on the ground, and when it does, it will 
only rest it on the toe. 

TREATMENT:— Take off the shoe and poultice the 
sole of the foot with ground flaxseed, for twenty-four 
hours, then pare down or cut out the corn, and apply our 
REMEDY NO. 73 AS DIRECTED. 

Shoe the horse sufficiently often, to insure even bear- 
ing to the shoe upon the wall only of the foot. 
Price of remedy No. 73, 50 cents. 



CRIB-BITERS, WIND-SUCKERS, 
STUMP-SUCKERS. 

This is not a disease, but a habit, and you must admit 
a verv bad one. 

CAUSES: — In young animals while cutting teeth, 
also while shedding teeth there is more or less pain and ir- 
ritation. The colt to relieve its sufferings, will bite on 
anything that is within reach, in this way the habit is 
formed. Other causes : Idleness, indigestion, and ac- 
quiring the habit from other animals in the same stable. 
The habit once formed, it is difficult to overcome it. Wind 
sucking causes indigestion and colic, and at any time the 
animal may die from bloating. Horses with this habit 
are unsafe to own. 

TREATMENT : — Various ingenious devices have 



26 Diseases of the Horse. 

been constructed and used to break the habit, with partial 
success. Examine the teeth and after getting them in 
good condition, prepare a paste made of red pepper and 
flour, and spread it on the objects that the horse is in the 
habit ot using when wind sucking. As soon as this habit 
is noticed in the colt, he should be broken of it at once, 
as it is not so difficult to do when taken in time. 



CURB. 

Curb is a disease of the hock-joint, and consists of a 
swelling immediately below the point of that joint. It 
may be large and soft or only a small, hard nodule. It 
is the result of sprain of the posterior straight ligament; 
this ligament is usually sprained by the animal slipping, 
jumping, rearing, or by backing up violently. This dis- 
ease may or may not be accompanied with lameness. 

TREATMENT: — Shoe the horse with high heeled 
shoes, and apply hot fomentations and our 

REMEDY NO. 85 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, $1.00. 



DIABETES. 

This is a disease accompanied by great and frequent 
flow of urine. It is caused by the starch and some in- 
gredients of the food being transferred into sugar. This 
will occur more readily from feeding imperfectly cured 
oats, than from any other diet. 

SYMPTOMS: — An excessive flow of almost colorless 
urine, great thirst. Although the animal has a ravenous 
appetite, it looses flesh rapidly. The coat becomes rough, 



Diseases of the Horse. 27 

and there is great weakness, emaciation and general de- 
bility. The duration of this disease, varies from a few 
days to months and even years. In some cases, it may 
develop to an alarming extent within a few hours, while 
in other cases the disease comes on slowly. 

TREATMENT: — Diabetes is generally considered 
incurable, but this is not always the case; as a small per- 
centage of the cases can be cured. But this percentage 
is so small and the treatment so expensive, that we do not 
recommend it for general use. To deny the animal water 
which it so greatly desires, does not mitigate the ailment. 
The water must be pure; nutritious food and plenty of it, 
is an important factor. The horse should have absolute 
quiet and rest. Our 

REMEDY NO. 54 GIVEN AS DIRECTED, 

will palliate, and prolong the life of the horse. 
Price of remedy No. 54, $2.50. 



DIARRHOEA. 

Diarrhoea is the frequent discharge of fluid or semi- 
fluid excrement or dung; caused by some irritant in the 
bowels, which does not pass freely away. 

SYMPTOMS : — The symptoms of diarrhoea are to 
well known to need repetition; but cases vary greatly, not 
only in the kind of fluid evacuations, but in their amount 
and frequency. A diarrhoea from over-eating, may be 
harmless or even beneficial, in relieving an overtaxed di- 
gestive system. Again, a profuse diarrhoea may be ex- 
hausting enough to hasten fatal issue. Colicky pains 
and cramps almost always accompany diarrhoea, attended 
by profuse watery discharge. 



28 Diseases of the Horse. 

TREATMENT:— Whatever the cause of diarrhoea 

may be, if there is colicky pains attending it, allay the 
pain at once bv giving our 

REMEDIES XOS. 47 AXD 48 AS DIRECTED. 

After administering the medicine feed on bran 
mashes, cake meal, or ground flaxseed for a few days; this 
will overcome the constipating effects of the medicines. 

Price of remedies Xos. 47 and 48 complete, 75 cents. 



DISTEMPER— INFLUENZA— STRANGLES. 

A name applied to epizootic catarrh, and occurs more 
frequently in the spring of the year. It frequently is the 
result of a cold, as a cold rarely runs its course, without 
some complications. Colts and horses under five years 
of age, are more subject to this disease than older horses. 
This is a serious disease and should be at once attended 
to, to avoid serious complications. 

CAUSES: — Poison in the air, sudden changes from 
dryness to moisture of the earths surface, cold winds from 
the east accompanied with dampness, change from one 
climate to another. 

SYMPTOMS: — The animal is taken with a shivering 
fit, followed by fever, loss of appetite, cough, mucus is 
exuded from the nose, the eyes will begin to water and 
sometimes maturate. Prostration, dullness and loss of 
strength : this is followed by swelling of the legs, and in 
severe cases the belly, breast, and in males the sheath. If 
the horse is tucked up along the abdomen, with hard pel- 
lets of dung covered with mucus, the bowels are attacked 
and the case is dangerous. If the lungs are attacked, 
there will be a perceptible ridge extending from the flank 



Diseases of the Horse. { 29 

to the breast bone, accompanied by short, hurried breath- 
ing and painful cough. When this occurs the case is ex- 
tremely dangerous. 

TREATMENT:— The death rate from this disease is 
enormous; therefore, the adherence to the treatment is 
absolutely necessary. Place the animal in a cool, (not 
cold) airy stall free from draughts, lightly blanketed. If 
the animal is constipated, give a grown horse four ounces 
Glauber Salts, or two ounces to a colt, in the morning* 
if the bowels do not operate, repeat the dose at night. 
Follow this by administering our 

REMEDIES NOS. 23, 24 AND 25 AS DIRECTED. 

Place plenty of cold water before the horse, so he can 
drink as much as he wants; this will assist in his recovery. 
Do not work the animal before it has thoroughly recover- 
ed, as a relapse might follow. Allow exercise, as this 
will be a benefit, but do not turn the exercise into 
work. When lung complications are present, apply 
mustard plasters along the belly and sides. The above 
treatment carefully followed, will place your animal on 
the road to recovery in a few days. 

Price of remedies Nos. 23, 24 and 25 complete, $2.50. 



DROPSY. 

Every farmer is familiar with the term dropsy, which 
means an unnatural accumulation of water in the cavities 
of the body — chest, heart-case, belly, breast, sheath, and 
cellular tissue of the legs. The causes of this disease are 
many and various. Tow diet or deteriorated food, ex- 
cessive bleeding, blistering, effects of fevers, and some- 
times results from epizootic influenza. Injury to any 



30 Diseases of the Horse. 

part of the body, may be followed by watery swellings 
around the injury. Rumbling of the bowels is invariably 
a constant symptom. Should diarrhoea make its ap- 
pearance, check it immediately or the disease will prove 
fatal. 

TREATMENT :— It is necessary that the animal 
have blood-making food and medicines. The food should 
consist of cornmeal mixed with bran and cut hay. Grass, 
if it can be had, is preferable. A pint of strong, beef tea 
or soup given daily will be of great benefit. An abun- 
dance of fresh air and light is necessary, and regulate the 
bowels with a pint of raw linseed oil. Give our 

REMEDY NO. 30 AS DIRECTED, 
and a speedy recovery will be the result. 

Price of remedy No. 30, $1.00. 



FOUNDER— INFLAMMATION OF THE FEET. 

(Laminitis.) 

Founder is an inflammation of the leaves, which dove- 
tail into each other, and bind the sensible and insensible 
portions of the foot together. This disease is of frequent 
occurrence, and when left to itself, destroys many good 
horses by leaving them forever afterwards tender in front. 

CAUSES : — Drinking cold water when overheated and 
exhausted from over work. Eating grain to excess, or feed- 
ing on green corn, driving barefooted on hard roads, or 
having a nail driven to close in the shoe. 

SYMPTOMS:— At first the horse will stand with the 
fore feet forward, and the legs are so stiff it will be im- 
possible to move or bend them. But in a short time, he 
will stretch the fore feet and legs out as far as he can, to 



Diseases of the Horse. 31 

throw the weight off of them. The hind legs are brought 
far in under the horse, the head is erect and high. Wlhen 
the animal is forced to move, it staggers, jumps, and is 
inclined to lie down; is extremely excitable, and is the 
picture of great distress. If only one foot is attacked, the 
animal will keep the suffering foot raised most of the time. 

TREATMENT:— Prepare an airy stall with an abun- 
dance of good bedding, move the horse into it, and en- 
courage it to lie down which will give great relief. Give 
our 

REMEDY NO. 68 AS DIRECTED. 

Apply ice water or cold water cloths to the feet; in 
a few hours, possibly you will be able to remove the 
shoes; in doing this, every nail should be made loose and 
as little hammering on the foot as possible. By per- 
suading the animal to lie down, administering our remedy 
No. 68 and applying cold water cloths, in a day or two 
the horse will be none the worse from the attack; but this 
disease when left to itself, will render the horse unfit for 
use ever afterwards. After thorough recovery, shoe 
carefully, and 'keep the feet soft. Do not put the animal 
to work to soon. Exercise gently, but to much exercise 
is harmful. 

Price of remedy No. 68, $i.oo. 



GALLS— SORE SHOULDERS. 

These sores are caused by chafing of the harness or 
saddle. Galls are quickly healed with our 

REMEDY NO. 63 APPLIED AS DIRECTED. 
For raw sores of any description, our remedy No. 63 



32 Diseases of the Horse. 

is superior to any preparation for this purpose on the 
market. 

Price of remedy No. 63, 50 cents. 



GENERAL DEBILITY. 

General debility is a breaking down of the entire sys- 
tem. 

CAUSES: — Improper treatment of diseases, bleeding, 
or giving powerful physics, when there is no need of it. 
Innutritious food and the wrong diet to a sick horse, when 
he should be supported during his sickness, with good 
digestible food. The neglect, or want of experience on 
this point, has been the indirect means of killing thousands 
of horses, that would have recovered. Error, and neglect 
has caused loss to the farmer of many dollars. 

SYMPTOMS:— Swelling of the legs, sheath, breast 
and belly; these swellings are not inflammatory, but soft, 
and contains fluid. Breathing is disturbed. Weakness 
of the horse is very prominent, and in cases where debility 
is of long standing, the horse staggers while walking, and 
can be easily pushed off his feet by the hand. Excessive 
weakness overcomes the animal, and it falls to the ground. 

TREATMENT: — The animal thus affected, rapidly 
becomes weak and debilitated, and unless you come to its 
rescue, this breaking down will result in the loss of the 
animal's life. The first necessity is good, wholesome, 
nutritious food; pure water, and blood making medicine. 
Our 

REMEDY NO. 96 GIVEN AS DIRECTED, 
will build up the blood, muscles, appetite, and in a short 
time the horse will gain flesh and strength. Be sure the 



Diseases of the Horse. , 33 

animal is thoroughly restored to health, before it is put to 
hard work. Do not confound our remedy No. 96, with 
the much advertised condition powders. Our remedy is 
a medicine, which acts directly upon the proper functions, 
that produces good blood, flesh and strength. An oc- 
casional dose of our remedy No. 96, given to a well 
horse, will prevent its running down, and it will be able to 
endure the seasons work without feeling that fatigue, usual- 
ly felt by horses while performing hard labor. 
Price of remedy No. 96, $1.00. 



GLANDERS— FARCY. 

Glanders is a domestic disease. Among the many 
causes we will enumerate: keeping in damp, impure stables, 
improper feeding, and debilitating diseases, as epizootic in- 
fluenza, catarrh, lung fever, grease heels or any disease 
capable of generating pus; this pus is absorbed into the 
general circulation, forming a ferment in the blood; the 
result of nature trying to rid itself of this offending mat- 
ter, is seen in the ulcerations of the lining membrane of 
the nose. 

SYMPTOMS :— Glanders are recognized by ulcera- 
tions of the lining membrane of the nose. These ulcers 
discharge pus of a yellowish color, later a greenish color ; 
("his pus is very tenacious or sticky, rapidly drying up 
when spread over the nostrils, and sinking in water. There 
is one symptom that is never absent in this disease, and 
that is the enlarged gland under the jaw. Horses af- 
fected with chronic glanders will live and work for years, 
which fact, has caused dissatisfaction with local laws,pro- 
hibiting the use of glandered horses. 



34 Diseases of the Horse. 

TREATMENT :— During treatment the horse must 
be given plenty of nutritious food, and removed from 
other horses to a comfortable place, where he will have 
plenty fresh air. Change the feed often, in order to get 
all the elements that the blood requires, this will aid in 
toning up the appetite. If the appetite fails it will be im- 
possible to effect a cure. Give our 

REMEDIES XOS. 28 AND 29 AS DIRECTED. 

If the horse has simple glanders without tubercules, 
its recovery will be speedily effected. But if the disease 
is associated with tubercules of the lungs, it can not be 
cured. 

Price of remedies Nos. 28 and 29 complete, $3.00. 



GRAVEL IN FOOT. 

TREATMENT: — Wash out the gravel if possible, if 
you are unable to do this, remove some of the horn, then 
wash out thoroughly. After the gravel has been removed, 
wash the parts thoroughly with the following solution: 

Water One-half pint. 

Carbolic Acid Two teaspoonsful. Mix. 

If there is much inflammation and lameness, apply for 
twenty-four hours a flaxseed meal poultice to the sole of 
the foot. On removing the poultice, wash thoroughly 
and fill the cavity with warm shoemakers wax. Previously 
wetting the hands will prevent the wax sticking to the 
fingers. 



GREASE HEEL. 

This troublesome ailment, is the result of supurative 
inflammatory action of the skin and heels of the legs. 



Diseases of the Horse. 35 

Usually the hind leg. It is more frequently ^ met with in 
coarse-bred, heavy, western horses^ than in fine-bred 
horses. 

CAUSES : — Change of temperature, continuous driv- 
ing on sloppy streets or mudy roads, wet barnyards, stables, 
or lands. 

SYMPTOMS: — Heels become swollen and crack 
open; small scabs form and are very painful and feverish. 
The horse when first starting, will lift the affected foot high 
and will be quite lame; but recovers from the lameness 
after traveling a short distance. This disease demands 
attention and treatment, before the case becomes aggra- 
vated; at which time the swelling increases, cracks break 
across the heel, and a yellowish discharge exudes. Later 
on when the disease becomes more aggravated, it develops 
into what is termed the "grapy" stage, in which the flesh 
very much resembles a bunch of grapes. 

TREATMENT: — Keep the diseased parts clean and 
dry; do not clip the hair around the heels, as this invar- 
iably proves an irritant, and has been known as a cause 
of this disease. Our 

REMEDY NO. 62 APPLIED AS DIRECTED, 
will not only relieve the animal at once, but will effect a 
speedy cure. 

Price of remedy No. 62, $1.00. 



HEAVES. 

Heaves in horses is the same as asthma in man. 
■ CAUSES: — Feeding on dusty clover hay; debility of 
the parvagum nerve. Large horses with small chests are 
more subject to this disease. Some authorities claim 



36 Diseases of the Horse. 

that heaves is a hereditary disease. Overloading the 
stomach with bulky food, which causes distention of the 
stomach aggravates this disease. 

SYMPTOMS: — Heaves being a disease so thoroughly 
known to the horse owner, we deem it unnecessary to con- 
sume space in describing it, therefore we will give our at- 
tention to the treatment. 

TREATMENT:— Keep the animal in the open air as 
much as possible; only shelter in bad or severe weather. 
Pasture diet is best for this disease. Use as little hay or 
rough feed as possible, but when this feed is all that is 
available, always dampen before feeding it. Give the 
feed in small quantities. Our 

REMEDY NO. 41 AS DIRECTED, 
will not only check the cough, but will cure the disease 
permanently. 

Price of remedy No. 41, $3.00. 



HIDE BOUND. 

Hide bound is not a disease, but is a symptom of an 
impared condition of the animal. 

SYMPTOMS:— The skin is dry, dirty and full of 
dandruff; hair stands the wrong way; the hide is so tightly 
drawn over the ribs, that it can scarcely be moved from 
them. 

TREATMENT: — Feed mixed feed — cut hay, corn- 
meal, and bran in good proportion, with only sufficient 
water to keep the mass together. Give our 

REMEDIES NOS. 66 OR 67 AS DIECTED. 
In ordering remedies for this disease state if your 



Diseases of the Horse. j 37 

horse is fat or poor; if the horse is poor, use remedy No. 
66. If the horse is fat use remedy No. 6j as directed. 

Price of remedy No. 66, $i.oo. 

Price of remedy No. 6j, $i .oo. 

Price of both remedies, $1.75. 



HIP AND SHOULDER LAMENESS. 

CAUSES: — The causes of these ailments are varied. 
They are most frequently caused by a slip, side fall, kicks, 
bruises, sprains and rheumatism. Shoulder lameness is 
common in young horses, when plowing in the furrow. 
To detect shoulder lameness from lameness in any other 
part of the body, take the leg which is lame by the pastern, 
and gently pull it straight out from the body of the horse 
in front, and gently to the out side; if it is shoulder lame- 
ness, the horse will show evidence of pain, and if it is a 
spirited animal, it will get up from the ground with the 
sound leg, and endeavor to wrest the lame leg from you. 

TREATMENT:— Apply hot water cloths over the 
point of the shoulder, for one or two days. The length of 
time for the continuance of these applications, will be 
governed by the seriousness of the case. Apply our 
REMEDY NO. 88 AS DIRECTED. 

The farmer should never be without this remedy. It 
is essential to have it convenient for sprains, soreness and 
lameness. 

Price of remedy No. 88, $1.00. 



INDIGESTION-GORGED STOMACH. 
Is caused by eating rapidly of bulky food. Espe- 
cially horses that are very hungry after a hard day's work, 



36 Diseases of the Horse. 

are inclined to gorge their stomachs with poorly masti- 
cated food. Cases do occur, occasionally, if the horse is 
left standing in the stable without sufficient exercise. Idle- 
ness begets indigestion, and indigestion begets crib-biting. 

SYMPTOMS:— The stomach becomes distended both 
from food and gas. Pawing with the fore feet, laying 
down on its breast, trying to vomit ; there are frequent 
eructions from the stomach. If the animal should sit upon 
its haunches, or if vomiting actually occurs, the symptoms 
are dangerous and a fatal termination may be expected. 

TREATMENT:— Sufficient action must be produced 
to throw off the contents of the stomach, therefore, give a 
physic prepared as follows: 

Powdered Barbadoes Aloes One ounce. 

Calomel One drachm. 

Gentian Three drachms. Mix. 

Give at one dose. If the above is not convenient, 
give one quart of raw linseed oil, as the stomach must be 
unloaded as quickly as possible. Injections of soap and 
warm water are benefic'al. A moderate amount of ex- 
ercise is also beneficial, , and for several days after the at- 
tack feed the animal on soft feed, or easily digested food. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS. 

(Enteritis.) 

CAUSES: — Drinking cold water in large quantities 
when over-heated. Exposure to draughts. Constipa- 
tion, diarrhoea, indigestion, overwork. Somteimes caused 
bv colic when not properly treated. 

SYMPTOMS : — Acute continuous pain in the bellv, 
in this respect differing from colic, (as in spasmodic colic 
the pain comes on in spasms with frequent intermissions.) 



Diseases of the Horse. , 39 

Pawing-, uneasiness, shifting about, perspiring, breathing 
rapid, excessive fever, horse becomes very much excited, 
rolling- and tumbling. There is a congested or red ap- 
pearance of the nose, mouth and eyes, desire to drink 
small quantities of water. The expression of the eyes are 
staring and glassy. The ears and legs become cold. 

TREATMENT :— The first efforts are to lessen the 
pain immediately. To accomplish this administer our 

REMEDY NO. 45 AS DIRECTED. 

Apply hot applications to the belly, by wringing blank- 
ets from hot water (not warm) and 'keep the hot blankets 
constantly over the bowels. But care must be exercised 
after discontinuing these applications, to protect the animal 
from exposure to cold or draughts by blanketing. Rub 
the legs briskly with alcohol and bandage with flannel. 
Give the following injection: one pint warm (not hot) 
soapsuds to which add small handful table salt. Should 
the bowels not move, repeat the injection every half-hour 
until vou have administered it four times. When the ani- 
mal is recovering, soft food as bran mash, linseedmeal, 
etc., should compose its diet. Exercise gently. 
Price of remedy No. 45, 75 cents. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER. 

(Cystitis.") 

Cystitis is an inflammation of the mucus membrane 
lining the urinary bladder. The whole or part of the 
bladder may be involved. It mav be the result of foreign 
bodies, esoeciallv stones in the bladder. Protracted re- 
tention of the urine, or exposure to wet or cold while per- 
Fp ; rin£- wiU also cause it. 



40 Diseases of the Horse. 

SYMPTOMS:— Inflammation of the bladder, is al- 
ways accompanied by frequent desire to pass urine, only 
a small amount being voided at each attempt; after its 
passage, the horse strains to pass what it immagines is still 
retained in the bladder. Evinces uneasiness by lying 
down and getting up again. Great tenderness under the 
belly over the bladder. Straddles while walking. 

TREATMENT:— Feed on bran mashes, and give 
flaxseed tea to drink; if the horse will not drink the tea, 
give as a drench. Give our 

REMEDY NO. 57 AS DIRECTED. 

Apply large poultices and very hot fomentations to 

the belly, over the bladder. Give plenty, of cold water to 

drink. If the urine is entirely stopped, it should be drawn 

with a catheter, with out delay, by an experienced person. 

Price of remedy No. 57, $1.00. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE EYE. 

CAUSES are many — Dust or chaff falling from the 
feed racks above the head, which gets into the eyes. Ex- 
posure to cold. Improper ventilated stables will produce 
inflammation of the eyes. 

SYMPTOMS: — The eyes become red or bloodshot 
and a thick mucus exudes. The eyelids swell and be- 
come hot and feverish; if not relieved a film spreads over 
the eye. The horse keeps the eyelids closed the greater 
portion of the time. 

TREATMENT:— Use our 

REMEDY NO. 58 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



Diseases of the Horse. 41 

INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS. 

(Nephritis.) 

Inflammation of the kidneys is a disease of infrequent 
occurrence. It is produced by spraining the loins from 
pulling 1 hard or being over-weighted. Being exposed to 
the cold when over heated, or from powerful blisters. An- 
other cause is, taking into the stomach medicines which 
are irritating to the kidneys. 

SYMPTOMS : — The animal roaches its back and strad- 
dles when walking. Symptoms of pain as in colic; lies 
down very carefully, urine highly colored and voided 
frequently. High fever, swelling of the legs; swelling dis- 
appears when the horse is exercised. 

TREATMENT:— Give the animal a comfortable place 
and blanket well. Hot applications across tthe loins will 
assist in relieving the inflammation. Give as a physic one 
quart of raw linseed oil, and administer our 

REMEDY NO. 56 AS DIRECTED. 

While giving remedy No. 56 keep the bowels open, 
by feeding on soft feed. If this is not sufficient to keep 
the bowels loose, repeat the above physic. 

Price of remedy No. 56, $1.00. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER. 

(Hepatitis.) 

Inflammation of the liver is more prevalent in horses 
that are highly fed, and have little to do. This disease ap- 
pears more frequently in a chornic form, than acute. 

SYMPTOMS: — Pain and lameness in the right shoul- 
der are characteristic of liver disease; the membranes of 
the eye, nose and mouth appear yellow, the bowels become 



42 Diseases of the Horse. 

constipated, and the dung is clay colored; urine scanty and 
high colored. If treatment for this disease is neglected, 
suppuration or an abcess will be formed, which breaks 
into the bowels, or becomes absorbed. The absorbtion 
of this pus is a prolific cause of glanders. 
TREATMENT:— Give our 

REMEDY XO. 95 AS DIRECTED. 

Feed the horse green and soft feed, which assists in 
producing a free action of the bowels. 

Price of remedy No. 95, $1.00. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE LYMPHATICS. 

(Lymphangitis.) 

Lymphangitis most frequently attacks coarse-bred, 
heavy horses. The lymphatic glands become gorged, and 
pour out the lymph into the blood vessels causing a swell- 
ing, which exhibits to the sense of feeling, irregular prom- 
inences under the skin. 

SYMPTOMS: — Irregular lumps under the skin. 
There is a stiffness of the part affected, accompanied with 
fever; in a few days the heat, pain and swelling will di- 
minish, and the horse will move more easily. 

TREATMENT: — If the case is mild, fomentations of 
warm water should be applied to relieve heat, tension, 
and pain: exercise moderately, and give soft feed, such as 
cut-mess, bran ?nd green food, and the animal will recover 
in two or three days. 

Should the case be a severe one. the horse will re- 
quire immediate attention, as big leg frequently follows 
this disease when neglected. Therefore, it is necessary to 
give as soon as possible, a physic composed of 



Diseases of the Horse. 43 

Barbadoes Aloes One ounce. 

Ginger Two drachms. 

Mix in half-pint of water and give at one dose. Ap 
ply fomentations of equal parts of hot water and vinegar, 
to the swollen part for twenty minutes every two hours ; 
each time after fomenting wipe dry and bandage with flan- 
nel. After the physic has operated, give our 

REMEDY NO. 42 AS DIRECTED. 

If our treatment is carefully followed, the, animal will 
recover quickly, without retaining the least indication of big 
leg or thick leg. 

Price of remedy No. 42, $1.25. 
Have you got an animal which has big leg? (Elephan- 
tiasis). If you have, try our 

REMEDY NO. 43 AS DIRECTED. 
It never fails to effect a cure. 

Price of remedy No. 43, $1.00. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. 
(See Lung Fever.) 



KNEE SPRUNG. 

This usually is caused by driving or working a young 
horse continuously, or to much before the animal has ar- 
rived at maturity. Although it may" be caused, from 
sprains, or the result of some disease. 

TREATMENT:— In old horses but little can be done. 
In young horses the use of our 

REMEDY NO. 89 APPLIED AS DIRECTED, 

will effect a cure. 

Price of remedy No. 89, $1.00. 



44 Diseases of the Horse. 

LAMPAS-SWOLLEN GUMS. 

Lampas is a name applied to swelling of the gums of 
young- horses, caused from teething; but may occur at any 
age from diseases of the stomach, most frequently from 
indigestion. 

TREATMENT:— When colts are teething, it is ad- 
visable to pinch the gums with the nail of the thumb until 
they bleed, and rub on a little table salt. This is much 
better than burning the mouth with hot irons, the effect 
which, the animal never forgets or forgives, as is shown 
afterwards, in any attempt to do anything about its head. 

In old horses, as soon as the stomach is in healthy 
condition, the gums will cease to give annoyance. There- 
fore, it will be necessary to treat the stomach to effect a 
cure. 



LUNG FEVER— INFLAMMATION OF THE 

LUNGS. 

(Pneumonia.) 

CAUSES : — The exciting causes of lung fever is be- 
lieved to be a micro-organism, yet its positive identifica- 
tion is not assured. Lung fever is generally endemic, 
though it may become epidemic. Frequently, however, 
when it appears to be epidemic, it will be found that the 
horses affected have been exposed to the same depressing 
influences. Among the predisposing causes, age ranks 
first. There are three periods in the horses life, in which 
the liability to lung fever is greatest : Colts : horses between 
the ages of eight to ten years, and after fifteen years old. 

The general bodily condition at and before the lung 
fever seizure, has but little predisposing influence. It is 
a question whether the stronger or the weak are oftenest 



Diseases of the Horse. 45 

attacked. One attack of lung fever predisposes to others. 
When lung fever follows a severe blow or injury to the 
chest, the injury must be looked on as a predisposing cause. 
Cold does not effect the lung fever rate, except in colts and 
old horses. March and April statistics usually exhibit the 
highest lung fever rate. Colts and old horses are greatly 
depressed by the intense cold of winter, and the chilling 
winds of March and April. 

SYMPTOMS : Generally the horse is seized .with 

a chill, which usually occurs in the night. This chill is 
intense and lasts from one-half of an hour to three hours. 
A distinct chill is less frequent in lung fever of an old 
horse; yet when an old horse has a marked chill, lung 
fever may always be suspected. A protracted fit of shiver- 
ing and pain in the side, are the two initial symptoms in 
about fifty per cent, of the cases of lung fever. In the 
other half of the cases, the onset is attended by slight in- 
crease in the frequency, and irregularity of breathing, 
slight fever, short hacking cough and an appearance of 
great exhaustion. With these initial symptoms, there is 
a rapid rise in temperature accompanied by pain in the 
side, which is aggravated by coughing and deep breathing. 
The breathing is difficult, cough, expectoration, , the coun- 
tenance anxious, loss of appetite, and intense thirst. The 
urine is scanty and dark. The bowels are constipated. 
The respiration is more constantly increased in frequency 
in lung fever, than any other disease. The breathing is 
panting, not "catching" in character. Cough is present 
in ninety per cent, of the cases. It comes on within twen- 
tv-four hours after the advent of the disease. At first it 
is short, "hacking" in character. 

TREATMENT: — It is absolutely necessary to have a 



46 Diseases of the Horse. 

comfortable airy place for the animal, but draughts must 
be avoided, as under the treatment the patient will be very 
susceptible. Blanket the horse and rub the legs briskly 
with the hands; if you fail to create any warmth by rub- 
bing, take a half-pint of whisky and one-eighth teaspoon- 
ful of cayenne pepper, apply to the legs, then bandage with 
flannel as high as they are cold. It is necessary tx> keep 
the legs warm in all seasons, as this will relieve the lungs 
of a. portion of the blood. Physic should not be given, 
but the bowels should be loosened by giving injections of 
warm soapsuds and feeding soft foods. Blisters or other 
irritants applied to the sides, in the early stages, is apt to 
do harm; but blisters or mustard plasters should be ap^ 
plied after the third or fourth day. Give our 

REMEDIES NOS. 35, 36 AND 37 AS DIRECTED. 

Under ordinary circumstances this treatment will be 
effective. But bear in mind if the animal does not have 
prompt assistance, there is little hope for its recovery. 
Price of remedies Nos. 35, 36 and 37 complete, $2.00 



LOCK JAW— TETANUS. 

Lock-jaw is a partial tetanus, only the mucles of the 
jaw and neck being contracted or fixed. 

Tetanus is a disease consisting in permanent contrac- 
tion of all the muscles, or merely some, without alterations 
of relaxation. 

CAUSES: — This disease frequently occurs from in- 
juring the foot with a rusty nail, or from other injuries, 
as wounds and fractures or from castration. It is some- 
times caused from excessive fright, but it may appear with- 
out any assignable cause. 



Diseases of the Horse. 4? 

SYMPTOMS:— Closure of the jaws; difficulty of 
swallowing-; rigidity and immobility of the limbs and body, 
eyes drawn back into the sockets ; and the haw, (membrana 
nictitans), will almost cover the eyes; on approaching the 
animal it manifests great fear. The extended and dilated 
nostrils, and the fixed ears, tell the fact, very plainly, that 
the muscles of the head and neck are beyond control of 
the animal. 

TREATMENT: — Remove the suffering animal into 
a place where it will have plenty of air, and be free from 
any sound or sight to disturb it. Do not allow any curious 
person to enter, as it would annoy the patient. At once 
try to ascertain the cause of the attack; if from injury or 
wounds of any kind, the wounds or injuries should at once 
be dressed with our 

REMEDY NO. 97 AS DIRECTED. 

Remedy No. 97 will soothe the irritated nerves of the 
part. x\n occasional poultice of flaxseed to the injuries, 
will also prove beneficial. Give internally our 

REMEDY NO. 98 AS DIRECTED. 
Place a pail of cold, thin gruel where the horse can get 
at it, without making an effort to reach it. This will un- 
doubtedly be all it will be enabled to take, during a period 
of from three to sixteen days. Renew the gruel once a da\> 
and keep it sweet; the animal may be able to suck this 
through its teeth. Any diet the horse has been fond of 
should also be placed within its reach, so as no opportunity 
be lost wherdby his stomach may be filled, and thereby sup- 
porting strength to his overtaxed system. Also keep a 
pail of cool water before the animal. It probably will not 
care to drink much, but will use the water to cool its 
mouth. Do not allow any one to go near the stricken 



48 Diseases of the Horse. 

horse but yourself; and do not go yourself any more often 
than is absolutely necessary. Before entering the place the 
horse is confined in, have the gruel and other food, water, 
and everything at hand, so that only one journey will be 
necessary to accomplish much. By using great precaution 
in entering, and by making the least noise you possibly can, 
much suffering can be avoided and the chances of recovery 
increased. Always open and close the door slow and 
carefully, so as not to make any noise. The animal's re- 
covery will depend to some extent on keeping it perfectly 
quiet, and remember after the animal has commenced to 
convalesce, a little fright or to startle it may place it back 
in a worse condition than at first. External applications 
do not seem to alleviate this disease, but are inclined to 
aggravate it. 

Price of remedy No. 97, 75 cents. 

Price of remedy No. 98, $1.50. 



MANGE— ITCH-SCABIES. 

Mange is a skin disease which affects almost all do- 
mestic animals, but especially the horse, sheep, cow, and 
dog. This disease is caused by an insect called acari, 
breeding and burrowing in the skin. (See Scab in Sheep.) 

SYMPTOMS:— Small itching pustules form about the 
head and neck, and under the mane. After these pustules 
break, a small 1 scab is formed and the itching becomes so 
intense, that the horse will rub itself against any object it 
has access to; frequently rubbing the hair and skin off. 
But even if the animal is prevented from rubbing itself, 
the hair will drop off, and in severe cases the mane and 
tail will fall off, exposing an angry red colored skin; after 
which there is dryness and whiteness of the skin accon> 



Diseases of the Horse. 4.9 

panied with excessive itching. This disease is so con- 
tagious that healthy horses will contract it, by simply rub- 
bing themselves against an object, where a mangy horse 
has previously rubbed. 

TREATMENT:— Apply our • 

REMEDY NO. 64 AS DIRECTED. 

Then wash the diseased parts thoroughly with warm 
soapsuds applied with a soft brush, after which dry care- 
fully; then apply our 

REMEDY NO. 65 AS DIRECTED. 

Remedies Nos. 64 and 65 will speedily cure the mange, 
and kill the insects which produce it; thereby avoiding a 
reappearance of the disease. It is extremely necessary to 
thoroughly wash and disinfect, by using a mixture of sul- 
phur or lime and water, every object the mangy horse has 
come in contact with. Viz: Mangers, harness, combs, 
brushes, stalls, posts, etc. The blankets should be boiled. 

Price of remedies Nos. 64 and 65 complete, $1.00. 



MOON BLINDNESS— PERIODIC OPTHALMIA. 

This usually terminates in cataract and is a serious dis- 
ease. Consists of an inflammation of the internal parts of 
the eye-ball. 

SYMPTOMS:— In the morning the eyelids will be 
'found closed. The eye is dim and clouded, a yellow bor- 
der composed of pus will be observed. Red streaks run 
across the eye ball; this inflammation will last from two to 
three weeks at the end of which time, the eye will brighten 
up and have the appearance of being completely cured, 
scarcely leaving any trace except a degree of dimness. The 
moons changes as is sometimes supposed by horsemen, has 



SO Diseases of the Horse. 

not the least effect on this disease. But it does appear 
again in one, two or three months, having the same symp- 
toms and characteristics as in the first attack, only a greater 
deposit of pus will be left at each subsequent attack, until 
the whole eye is filled with matter. 

TREATMENT: — This disease is incurable. To al- 
lay pain and irritation use the following solution : 

Cold Water One ounce. 

Tincture Opium Two drachms. Mix. 

To be applied by means of a camels hair pencil. When 
one eye is affected with this disease, the other will ulti- 
mately become affected. The only prevention of this is 
to have the diseased eye extripated, or puncture the cor- 
nea with a lancet and allow the watery humor to escape, 
permitting the diseased eye to sink in the head. If this is 
done successful, the remaining eye will not only retain, 
but will increase in luster and brightness. 



NETTLE RASH— SURFEIT. 

A disease (that appears in the spring of the year, and 
is most prevalent among fat and well fed horses. This 
is not a contagious disease. 

CAUSES: — Over abundance of flesh, sudden changes 
of diet, sudden changes of weather, drinking cold water 
when heated, intestinal worms; shedding the coat has been 
known to cause it. 

SYMPTOMS: — This disease makes itself known by 
small pimples, or tumors about the size of a grain of In- 
dian corn. The entire body will be completely covered. 
These pimples aopear quickly. In some cases the eyes 
are closed and the lips thickened. 



Diseases of the Horse. 51 

TREATMENT:— Give soft feed composed of bran, 
cut hay dampened with water, sprinkle this mixture with 
salt and feed for a few days. If grass can be had give 
it in preference to other food. If the bowels are consti- 
pated, give 

Powdered Aloes Seven teaspoonsful. 

Powdered Gentian Two teaspoonsful. 

Mix in one pint water, give as a drench at one dose, 
Follow this by giving our 

REMEDY NO. 71 AS DIRECTED. 
Price of Remedy No. 71, 75 cents. 



PARALYSIS— PALSY. 

Is usually produced by disease in the brain and spinal 
cord, causing loss of the power of moving in some part of 
the body. It may be confined to the deep muscles of the 
hips or to one or two legs, or there may be complete par- 
alysis. But it is usually confined to the hind parts or 
haunches and 1 legs. The paralyzed part usually becomes 
numb but sometimes a sense of feeling remains. 

SYMPTOMS:— If the attack is mild the animal may 
be able to keep upon its feet, when this is the case, they 
will undoubtedly recover in a few days. But if after stag- 
gering around the horse falls and is unable to* get up, has 
an anxious expression of countenance, eyes staring, breath- 
ing short, nostrils distended, 'the case is more serious and 
should have prompt attention. 

TREATMENT: — The paralyzed parts should be well 
rubbed with a stiff brush. If shod, remove the shoes. 
Give an abundance of good clean bedding; this will keep 
the body in good condition and prevent the skin from 



SZ Diseases of the Horse. 

scalding. Turn the horse from side to side at least twice 
in the day. Give our 

REMEDY XO. 31 AS DIRECTED. 

If the kidneys refuse to act, give 

Tincture Buchu Compound One ounce. 

Svrup Two ounces. Mix. 

Every seven hours until three doses have been given. If 
the bowels do not move within twenty-four hours after the 
horse is paralyzed, give in one pint of water, 

Barbadoes Aloes Eight drachms. 

Ginger Two drachms. 

If the animal should commence to perspire, blanket 
well as long as there is any evidence of sweating. If 
the horse appears easy while resting upon its breast, re- 
covery may be expected in a few days; but if he lies straight 
out, death will result in a few days. 

Price of remedy Xo. 31, $i.co. 



PLEURISY. 

An inflammation of the membrane covering the lungs 
and lining the cavity of the chest. Usually confined to 
one side of the chest. It is generally caused by exposure 
10 cold, or changes in the atmosphere. 

SYMPTOMS: — A sharp pain in the side after a chill, 
is indicated by the animal looking at its side, avoiding 
short turns and lying down very careful on the affected 
side; but usually they prefer standing. A ridge will be 
observed, extending from the haunch around the belly to 
the breast bone. Breathing not so short and rapid as in 
inflammation of the lungs. The pain will generally sub- 
side after twenty-four hours, and apparently the horse is 



Diseases Of the Horse. 53 

j 
better. This in the majority of cases of pleurisy, when 

neglected a few hours with out proper treatment, develops 
in (Hydro-thorax) or water in the chest. If there is an 
excessive accumulation of water in the chest, the ridge 
from the hip to the breast becomes more prominent; ap- 
petite completely gone, and should cold sweat break out 
there is imminent danger. 

TREATMENT: — This disease as in all other diseases 
of inflammation requires a well bedded, comfortable, airy 
place free from draughts. Blanket according to ihe 
weather ; rub the legs well and bandage to the knees with 
flannel to keep them warm. If the animal will eat soft 
food, this is preferable. But if it refuses it, givr it such 
^ood as it relishes. Give plenty of cold water. Hot flax- 
seed poultices are good. Mustard plasters applied to the 
affected side will be beneficial. Give our 

REMEDY NO. 38 FOLLOWED BY 

REMEDY NO. 39 AS DIRECTED. 

Price of both remedies, $1.25. 



PURPLES (PURPURA HAEMORRHAGIA.) 

This disease is usually the sequel of some debilitating 
disease as distemper, influenza, lung troubles, etc., when 
these diseases have not had the proper attention and treat- 
ment, or it may be contracted by the horse inhaling the 
impure atmosphere, arising from decomposed urine and 
manure in badly ventilated stables. Poorly fed and over 
exhausted horses are the most susceptible to this disease. 
Exposure to cold or rains is another cause. 

SYMPTOMS: — The first symptom is the appearance 
of hard painful swellings, that pit slightly upon pressure; 



54 ! Diseases of the Horse. 

these swellings may appear on any part of the body; they 
may disappear only to appear on some other part. They 
are usually more prevalent around the head. Small blis- 
ters sometimes appear and when broken discharge an am- 
ber colored liquid, which scalds when it comes in contact 
with the skin, causing the hair to loosen and drop off. 
Where ever these blisters break, it leaves an unhealthy 
sore which is difficult to heal. In the nostrils can be ob- 
served small purple spots; these often slough and leave 
unhealthy sores. If these swellings take place within 
the internal organs, to any great extent, death will be the 
result from external haemorrhage or bleeding. 

TREATMENT:— Great benefit will be accomplished 
by placing the animal in a clean, well ventilated, warm 
and dry stall, with sufficient quantity and change of food 
to green vegetables, if they can be had ; if not, feed any- 
thing the animal relishes. If the horse is constipated give 
as a mild laxative the following: 

Spirits of Turpentine One ounce. 

Raw Linseed Oil One pint. Mix. 

And give as a drench. This is all that will be necessary 
to regulate the bowels. Follow this by giving our 
REMEDIES XOS. 50 AND 51 AS DIRECTED. 

If the animal is very weak and debilitated, give three 
ounces of whisky twice daily. Do 'not disturb the swell- 
ings on the limbs or body, as you will only aggravate 
them ; the less they are interfered with the better. But 
if the swellings of the head, nostrils, mouth or throat in- 
terfere with breathing or eating, with a clean knife scarify 
or make small incisions. Bathing the swellings of the 
head with hot water sometimes gives slight relief. 

Price of remedies Nos. 50 and 51 complete, $1.50. 



Diseases of the Horse. 55 

POLL-EVIL. 

Poll-evil is a disease consisting- of a suppurative in- 
flammation, forming- pus in the form of an abscess behind 
the ears, and upon the top and sides of the neck. 

CAUSES: — Injury to the part, sometimes caused by 
badly fitting halters, cruelty of the driver in striking the 
horse over the head with the butt-end of a whip, or it may 
be 'brought on by the horse hitting his head on some ob- 
ject. 

SYMPTOMS:— A stiffness of the neck will be ob- 
served as the first symptom. A hard swelling will appear 
upon the poll, but later on becomes soft. In time if it 
is not interfered with it will burst and discharg-e matter. 

TREATMENT : — This disease taken in its earliest 
stage can be counteracted. As soon as the swelling is 
noticed give the following physic: 

Powdered Aloes One ounce. 

Gentian Two drachms. 1 

Water . One pint. Mix. 

Give as a drench at one dose. Follow this by administer- 
ing our 

REMEDIES NOS. 69 AND 70 AS DIRECTED. 

With our treatment many cases can be aborted, and 
will require no other treatment. If the disease is in ah 
advanced stage before you give it attention, our advice is 
to employ an experienced person to take charge of the an- 
imal, as it is not safe to> come in contact with this foul and 
loathsome disease, without proper care and disinfectants. 



THISOLOW OR FISTULOUS WITHERS— is 
accompanied by the same causes and symptoms as poll- 



56 Diseases of the Horse. 

evil. The only difference., the swelling appears upon the 
shoulder in thisolow. Use the same remedies and treat- 
ment as in poll-evil . 

Price of remedies Xos. 69 and 70 complete, 75 cents. 



PRICKS IN THE FOOT FROM NAILS. 

This may occur while shoeing the horse, or may be 
pricked up in the street, or may be the result of coming 
in contact with any hard pointed substance. 

SYMPTOMS :— The horse will become lame, the af- 
fected foot will be tender and feverish. On examining 
the foot you will either find the nail penetrating the foot, 
or the injured place. 

TREATMENT: — If the nail is in the foot, remove it 
at once, and poultice the foot with ground flaxseed for 
twenty-four hours. After poulticing, if there is any for- 
mation cf pus. open and allow it to escape. After the 
opening has been made, apply our 

REMEDY NO. 76 AS DIRECTED. 

The horse can be put to work as soon as he is inclined 
to use the foot without lameness. Pricks in the foot 
should have prompt attention as it frequently results in 
lock-jaw. (See lock-jaw). 

Price of remedy No. 76. 50 cents. 



QLTTTOR. 

This is a very serious ailment, and is to the foot, what 
poll-evil is to the head. 

CAUSES: — It may be caused by calking, a blow, 
prick from a nail, suppurating corns, etc. 



Diseases of the Horse. 57 

, SYMPTOMS:— A large swelling just above the hoof, 
which is very painful, causing the horse to hold its foot 
off the ground. In a few days the swelling will burst, 
and discharge a whitish fluid. This opening will not be 
inclined to heal. 

TREATMENT:— Poultice the bottom of the foot 
with cow-dung, for twenty-four hours. If the foot be- 
comes soft, it is an indication that the pus is drawn down. 
An opening should be made to allow the discharge to es- 
cape. After this is accomplished, apply our 

REMEDY NO. 77 AS DIRECTED, 
for a few days. This will effect a speedy cure. 

CAUTION: — In poulticing a horses foot, always ap- 
ply the poultice to the sole of the foot. Never in any in- 
stance apply the poultice around the hoof, for if you do, 
in the majority of cases, the hoof will fall off. 
Price of remedy No. 77, $1.00. 



RHEUMATISM. 

More mistakes are committed in this disease, than any 
other disease the horse is subject to. This affection is 
many times confounded with founder, therefore we will ex- 
plain the different symptoms, so that any one can easily 
distinguish the one disease from the other. 

In rheumatism there is severe pain accompanied by 
fever and excitement, and the seat of the pain is in the 
joints of the legs. In founder there is pain without fever, 
and the pain is confined to the feet. In chronic rheuma- 
tism there is no fever, but in this affection the animal will 
be unable to move, as if it was sprained over the loins. 
In rheumatism there is an absence of heat in the feet. 



58 Diseases of the Horse. 

AVhile in founder the fever in the feet is so great, that it is 
sometimes called fever in the feet. 

ACUTE RHEUMATISM:— Is caused by placing 
heated horses in a draught of cold air, or sudden check to 
perspiration. 

SYMPTOMS: — Excitement, high fever with excruci- 
ating pains in the legs and joints; so much so that the suf- 
fering horse has not a leg fit to stand upon, and is not in- 
clined to move from the place it occupies, from fear of 
falling to the ground. If it is compelled to move, it does 
so with much lameness and stiffness. The animal blows 
and the breathing is hurried. In connection with these 
symptoms, the horse sweats profusely. 

TREATMENT:— Administer our 

REMEDY XO. 92 AS DIRECTED. 

Give the horse plenty of bedding, in a cool, airy stall 
and induce him to lie down, and cover the body with a 
light blanket. If the attack comes on in the summer, 
apply loosely to the legs cold water cloths, keeping them 
continually wet, from twelve to twenty-four hours> In 
winter, warm water is best for these applications, and 
should be applied in the same manner, as the cold water 
treatment in summer. By the time the horse has taken 
six doses of our remedy Xo. 92. a great change will have 
taken place. 

CHRONIC RHEUMATISM. —Chronic rheumatism 
in the joint, is the most prolific cause of hidden lameness 
in the horse. It is the outcome of neglected acute rheu- 
matism. 

SYMPTOMS: — The same as acute rheumatism, with 
the exception of the absence of fever. 

TREATMENT:— Give our 



Diseases of the Horse. 59 

REMEDY NO. 92 AS DIREC ED, AND 
APPLY REMEDY NO. 88 AS DIRECTED. 
This treatment will be found to be most satisfactory. 
You cannot afford to ever be without our remedy No. 88 
for strains, lameness, etc. 

Price of remedy No. 92, $1.00. 
Price of remedy No. 88, $1.00. 



RING BONE. 

Ring-bone consists of a circle of bone, thrown out 
from the underlying bone of the upper and lower pastern 
bones. The cartilage of the foot may also be converted 
into bone, and laid in the form of a circle. Ring-bone 
occurs more frequently on the forelegs of heavy horses. 
When it occurs in fine bred horses, the hind leg is usually 
affected. It is caused by sprain, fractured bone, or it 
may be hereditary. The degree of lameness depends up- 
on the location of the affection, and not upon the size of 
the enlargement. The lameness will be much less if the 
ring-bone is situated on the side, than if situated immed- 
iately in front. There is sometimes a bulging of the foot, 
which in many cases causes the foot to turn inward, pn> 
ducing what is termed reel-foot. In false ring-bone, 
lameness is never present, but in true ring-bone there is 
considerable lameness and fever, before the enlargement 
is noticeable. 

TREATMENT: — If ring-bone is of recent origin, and 
the horse is young, you can effect a cure. First wrap 
cold water cloths around the parts for three days, remov- 
ing them at night. This will allay all heat and inflamma- 
tion. After this has been accomplished,, apply our 



60 Diseases of the Horse. 

REMEDY NO. 89 AS DIRECTED. 
Ring-bone in old horses is very difficult to remove, 
and the result of treatment is unsatisfactory. But remedy 
No. 89 will effect a cure in young horses. 

Price of remedy No. 89, $1.00. 



RINGWORM. 

Young horses that have been poorly kept through the 
winter, is most susceptible to this disease. This disease 
is contagious and is communicated from man to animals, 
and from animals to man or to other animals. It is not 
always confined to one spot, but may appear on several 
parts of the body. 

SYMPTOMS:— At first there is but a small pimple, 
which soon commences to spread and form a circle, com- 
posed of patches or scales forming large crusts with ulcers 
underneath. The hair over the ringworm stands erect, 
breaks off, falls out leaving a bare, greyish spot. 

TREATMENT: — Wash the part clean with soap and 
water. Remove the scab and apply our 

REMEDY NO. 72 AS DIRECTED, 

and a speedy disappearance of the ringworm will be the 
result. 

Price of remedy No. 72, 75 cents. 



SAND OR QUARTER CRACKS. 

This is a crack or split in the hoof, and may occur in 
any part of the hoof, or on any of the feet. 

CAUSES: — Insufficient moisture, causing the hoof to 
become brittle. Driving over hard roads, standing on hard 
floors, or ill-fitting shoes. 



Diseases of the Horse. 61 

TREATMENT:— File the edges of the crack thin, 
after it has been thinned, a piece of the wall of the hoof, 
for about half an inch on each side of the crack, is to be 
cut out. A piece of iron made red-hot, and applied, just 
for a moment flat on the hair at the head of the crack, 
sufficient to make a scab, will insure a solid growth 
of horn. A strap should be placed around the hoof, to 
prevent opening of the crack, and to facilitate the cure. 
Also keep the entire hoof softened, by applying crude oil 
two or three times a week. If your horses are subject to 
cracks, and you wish to prevent the occurrence of it, use 
our 

REMEDY NO. 79 AS DIRECTED. 
Price 50 cents. 



SLOBBERS GR SALIVATION. 

Salivation is an increased flow of saliva, caused by 
large doses of mercury, lobelia, veratrum, etc. It is also 
seen in horses that are feeding on second crop clover. The 
excessive flow of this saliva in horses, is very detrimental, 
as they loose flesh, become weak and thin, while they ap- 
parently have" an abundance of food. Slobbers are also 
caused by irregular teeth, the lodgement of corncobs or 
other foreign substances between the teeth. 

SYMPTOMS: — Persistent excessive discharge of sal- 
iva, or frothy mass exuding .from the mouth. Great de- 
sire for water. 

TREATMENT: — Remove the cause. If it is caused 
from eating obnoxious weeds, plants, or second growth 
clover hay whether in the stable or pasture, change the 
feed at once to something more wholesome. If caused 
by irregular teeth, file the sharp edges off, and remove any 



62 Diseases of the Horse. 

substance that may be found between the teeth. If the 
slobbering is caused from injuries to the tongue, or small 
fistules in the mouth, take a soft cloth and cleanse the 
mouth with the following solution: 

Alum One ounce. 

Chlorate Potash One ounce. 

Water One pint. Mix. 

Usually this will effect a speedy cure. But if after 
this treatment, the slobbering is persistent, paint the gland 
below the ears once every twenty-four hours with Tincture 
Iodine. And give one drachm of Iodide of Potash in- 
ternally morning and evening for two days. 



SPRAINS, BRUISES, ETC. 

For sprains, bruises, etc. from whatever cause they 
may occur, apply our 

REMEDY NO. 88 AS DIRECTED. 

This is the most efficient remedy in the market, for the 
above ailments. 

Price of remedy No. 88, $i.oo. 



SPLINT. 

A small bony enlargement, usually situated on the in- 
side of the leg. 

CAUSES: — Working horses when to young, or be- 
fore the leg and splint bone have become united. After 
these bones become united, it requires great force to tear 
them apart. But in the young animal, these bones articu- 
late with very little movement, and if overtaxed, splint is 
formed. Therefore working, slipping, kicking, running, 



Diseases of the Horse. 63 

jumping, or anything that will sprain, or overtax the liga- 
ments, will produce splint. 
TREATMENT :— Our 
REMEDY NO. 81 APPLIED ACCORDING TO DI- 
RECTIONS, FOLLOWED BY REMEDY NO. 82 AS 
DIRECTED, j 

will soon benefit the animal. 

Price of remedies Nos. 81 and 82 complete, $1.25. 



SPAVIN-BOG. 

Bog-spavin is a soft fluctuating swelling, situated in 
front of the hock-joint. It is an enlargement of the bursal 
cavity filled with fluid of the joint. It is generally caused, 
especially in young horses, by over work, fast driving or 
sprains. It is rarely accompanied with lameness, but when 
bog-spavin is produced by a sprain, there is usually heat 
and lameness, varying somewhat in intensity. 

TREATMENT:— Apply hot water fomentations to 
the spavin, thirty minutes three times a day for a few 
days. Then apply our 

REMEDY NO. 89 AS DIRECTED, 
and frequently rub briskly. 

Price of remedy No. 89, $1.00. 



SPAVIN-BLOOD. 

Blood-spavin is an aggravated case of bog-spavin, in- 
volving the hock-joint on three sides. The swelling is 
more extensive and interfering with the flow of blood, 
that it is termed blood spavin. It may be the result of a 
distention of the large vein, that passes down over the 



64 Diseases of the Horse. 

front part of the hock. For causes and treatment, see 
bog-spavin. 



SPAVIN-BONE. 

Bone-spavin consists of an irritation sufficient to cause 
inflammation, and the sprouting out of irregular bony mat- 
ter, from the bones of the joint. This prevents the smooth 
and proper action of the bones, and causes lameness. The 
situation of bone-spavin is on the inside, and in front of 
the joint. It is generally the result of a sprain, or it may 
be hereditary. 

SYMPTOMS:— When the horse is first started after 
standing, it will walk on the toe, with a hopping move- 
ment of the hind parts; after traveling a short distance, the 
lameness improves and sometimes disappears altogether. 

TREATMENT:— Apply our 

REMEDY NO. 89 AS DIRECTED. 

For spavin of long standing use our 

REMEDY NO. 88 WITH 

REMEDY NO. 89 AS DIRECTED. 

Price of remedy No. 88, $1.00. 

Price of remedy No. 89, $1.00. 



SPAVIN-OCCULT. 

This disease is bone-spavin, devoid of any enlargement 
of the joint whatever. For symptoms, causes, and treat- 
ment, (see bone-spavin). 



STIFLE-JOINT LAMENESS. 
Dislocation of the Patella. 
This affection is chiefly met with in young colts, and 



Diseases of the Horse. 65 

is produced by the wearing away of the toe of the foot, 
causing dislocation of the stifle, or patella which slides off 
the bones, at every step the animal takes. If you ex- 
amine the joint you will find the patella on the outer side 
of the leg. There is usually heat around the stifle joint, 
and sometimes fluctuating swelling. The horse when 
bringing the leg forward will swing it outward with a cir- 
cular motion, but sometimes when walking, the leg will fly 
backward, and the animal is powerless to bring it forward. 
TREATMENT:— Apply hot water fomentations three 
times a day for two days. Then apply our 

REMEDY NO. 90 AS DIRECTED. 
Have the horse shod with a shoe, having a projecting 
piece of iron attached to the toe. This will prevent the 
bones from, sliding out of place, and knuckling at every 
step. Place the horse on level pasture and give absolute 
rest. 

Price of remedy No. 90, $1.00. 



SIDE BONES. 

Is a form of ring-bone, but it is only situated on the 
side of the foot, and does not extend around the coronet as 
\a ring-bone. It consists in the solidification or ossifica- 
tion of the cartilages of the foot. Any horse with side 
bones is considered unsound. The causes and treatment 
are the same as in ring-bone. (Which see.) 



SORES. 

Healthy and unhealthy sores occurring in, or on, all 
parts of the body of the horse should receive prompt and 



66 Diseases of the Horse. 

proper treatment, thereby avoiding complications. For 
healthy sores 

REMEDY NO. 89 APPLIED AS DIRECTED, 
is superior in its efficacy to any known remedy. For un- 
healthy sores and ulcers use our 

REMEDY NO. 99 FOLLOWED BY 
REMEDY NO. 89 AS DIRECTED. 
By using remedy No. 99 on an unhealthy sore, will 
produce a simple and healthy one, which can readily be 
healed by using remedy No. 89. 

Price of remedy No. 89, $1.00. 
Price of remedy No. 99, 50 cents. 



STRANGUARY. 

In this disease pain is present while the horse is urin- 
ating, and the urine is mixed with blood. 

CAUSES: — Irritation of the bladder or kidneys, or 
both. 

SYMPTOMS:— Pain, irritation, and fever. Frequent 
desire to pass urine, which is bloody, and passed in small 
quantities. 

TREATMENT:— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 100 AS DIRECTED, 

and give plenty of cold water to drink; also flaxseed tea. 
If the horse will not drink the tea, give it as a drench. 
Take equal parts of mustard and flour, mfx with warm 
water, make into a soft paste, and lay over the region of 
the kidneys, or small of the back. Occasionally 'moisten 
with warm water to keep the mustard active. 

Price of remedy No. 100, 75 cents. 



Diseases of the Horse. 67 

STRINGHALT. 

Stringhalt is an involuntary spasmodic ( contraction of 
muscles of the hind leg, and is known from the peculiar 
manner in which the hind leg or legs are raised 1 and low- 
ered. This peculiar manner is described as a quick, spas- 
modic jerky motion, which the animal cannot control. 

CAUSES: — Loss of nerve influence, whereby the ex- 
tensor pedis muscle — and other muscles — are deprived of 
their proper power. It is sometimes caused by the peculiar 
condition of the blood. And sometimes appears in rheumatic 
form*. Stringhalt generally comes on very slowly, but 
may develop very rapidly. If the animal shows indica- 
tion of stringhalt in the winter season with the symptoms 
disappearing as the heated months advance, the case may 
be regarded as one of rheumatic form. If the symptoms 
continue during the summer months, the horse should 
have immediate and proper attention, or the disease will 
gradually continue to grow worse, until the horse strikes 
the belly with the fetlock. 

TREATMENT:— The muscles of the thigh are to be 
brought into healthy action, and the lost nervous influence 
restored, by giving our 

REMEDY NO. 101 AS DIRECTED. 

Give the horse an abundance of good, nutritious food. 
By giving our remedy for this disease before it has ad- 
vanced to far, a cure can be effected in six weeks. But 
after the disease has taken a firm hold of the animal, it 
will require a longer time to effect a cure. 

Price of remedy No. 101, $2.50. 



68 Diseases of the Horse. 

SUNSTROKE. 
(Coup De Soleil.) 

Of late years this disease has become of such frequent 
occurrence that it demands mentioning. 

CAUSES: — Driving and overworking in the hot sun. 
Tight fitting collars will retard the circulation, and is one 
of the causes of sunstroke. 

SYMPTOMS:— Usually the horse will hang back, 
hang its head, want to stop, apparently exhausted and stu- 
pid. Breathing heavy and rapid. The animal is very 
warm without any indication of perspiration, eyes very red 
and prominent, nostrils distended. The animal usually 
falling to the ground, and sometimes unable to arise. If 
the horse recovers, several seasons should elapse before 
it is exercised to any extent in the hot sun. But during 
the winter months you will have no trouble whatever with 
the horse, from the effects of sunstroke. 

TREATMENT: — If you notice the above symptoms 
in time, you can prevent the attack by removing the har- 
ness and collar, and giving to the horse at short intervals 
a few mouthsful of water ; apply cold water to the head 
and along the spine, and fasten a wet sponge over the fore- 
head. The sunshade for horses, now so much in use, will 
go far in lessening the occurrence of this affection. If 
the sunstroke is fully developed before you are aware of it, 
remove the harness at once, and if possible place the ani- 
mal in a cool, shady place, and immediately give our 

REMEDIES XOS. 60 AXD 61 AS DIRECTED. 

Chopped ice if it is to be had, , should be placed in a 
cloth or bag, and laid between the ears and over the fore- 
head. If the ice cannot be had, then apply the coldest 
water at hand. If the limbs are cold, rub them briskly 



Diseases of the Horse. 69 

with alcohol or whisky and mustard, and bandage. As 
soon as conciousness is regained, give as a physic, one 
quart of raw linseed oil. 

Price of remedies Nos. 60 and 61 complete, $i.©o. 



SWINNEY— SWEENEY. 
(Atrophy of the Muscles.) 

Swinney is a shrinking away of muscles of any part of 
the body, but is most frequently met with in the shoulders 
and hips. It is produced by improper action or dis- 
continued use of the muscles, and results from any dis- 
ease or affection that causes lameness. It is also caused 
from bruises or heavy pulling. A young horse that is 
compelled to follow the furrow while plowing in the spring 
of the year, when the muscles are soft, is extremely liable 
to swinney of the shoulder. 

SYMPTOMS: — Instead of the round full muscles, you 
will observe a flattened or hollow space, indicating the 
wasting away of a muscle. In shoulder swinney, at the 
onset, usually there is swelling, heat and tenderness along 
the shoulder blade Lameness does not generally de- 
velop until after the swelling has subsided, and the wasting 
of the muscles have commenced ; this usually takes place in 
about ten days from the onset. The hollow or sunken 
space generally extends the full length of the shoulder 
blade, and may be quite deep; deep enough that the spine 
of the shoulder blade is prominent. 

TREATMENT: — Remove the cause if possible. Dur- 
ing the stage of heat and swelling apply hot water fomenta- 
tions. After the swelling has disappeared, apply our 

REMEDY NO. 91 AS DIRECTED. 



7u Diseases of the Horse. 

While using remedy No. 91, keep the horse at light 
work on level ground, as the animal must have exercise 
to effect a cure. 

Price of remedy No. 91, $1.00. 



SWELLED LEGS. 

(Oedema.) 
Swelled legs is not a disease, but is a symptom of 
some debilitating disease, as defective kidneys, liver, or 
heart. Or lymphatic irritation. Also inflammation of the 
lymphatics, or lymphangitis. (See dropsy.) 



THISOLOW OR FISOLOW. 

(Fistulous Withers.) 
This disease is the same as poll-evil, with the except 
tion it is located upon the shoulder. For causes, symp- 
toms, treatment and remedies, see poll-evil. 



THRUSH IN THE MOUTH-APHTHOUS THRUSH, 
INFLAMMATION OF THE MOUTH. 

(Stomatitis.) 

SYMPTOMS: — Soreness of the mouth, attended by 
swelling and redness of the mucus membrane lining the 
mouth. Sometimes white patches and blisters form in- 
side the mouth, or on the tongue. The animal refuses 
to take food, but usually drinks freely of cold water. The 
salivary secretion is increased and flows from the mouth, 
and often has a foetid odor. 
TREATMENT:— 

Borax Powder One ounce. 

Molasses . . . . » Three ounces. Mix. 



Diseases of the Horse. 7i 

Apply to the mouth with a soft cloth, taking care to 
touch all the ulcers. Give soft feed or cut grass. Give 
half ounce of Sulphite of Soda each evening until you 
have given three doses. Usually this will effect a cure, 
and will be all that will be needed. , But should the ulcers 
be very deep and not inclined to heal,, give our 
REMEDY NO. 44 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 75 cents. 



THRUSH IN THE FOOT. 

Thrush is a diseased condition of the sensitive frog of 
the foot, and from which a foul smelling fluid is discharged. 
Every horse owner is familiar with this disease. 

CAUSES: — Excessive amount of moisture to< the foot 
from standing in their own dung, or from the floor of the 
stable being wet, wading around in filthy barnyards. Also 
caused from scratches and grease-heels, and from hard 
labor on stony and rough roads. 

TREATMENT:— The stable and stalls must be kept 
clean and dry. Drop a few r drops of Muriatic Acid into 
the frog, once a day for a few days. If the disease is left 
to itself, it may develop into canker. (See bruises of the 
frog.) In addition to the above treatment, a few doses of 
Sulphite of Soda in one-half ounce doses, given once a 
day for a few days, will do the animal much good, as it acts 
on the system as an alterative and purifier. 



WARTS. 

To remove warts, use our 

REMEDY NO. 59 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



72 Diseases of the Horse. 

WIND GALLS. 

TREATMENT :— Our 
REMEDY NO. 83 USED AS DIRECTED, 

will, in some cases remove wind galls. But the usual re- 
sult is unsatisfactory, as they often reappear after they 
have apparently been cured. If you have a valuable horse, 
it will be to your interest to use the 'above remedy as the 
blemishes will become less sightly. 

Price of remedy No. 83, $1.00. 



YELLOWS (JAUNDICE.) 

Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin, due to 
the presence of bile or blood pigment. As jaundice is a 
symptom (not a disease) of liver disorders, see inflam- 
mation of the liver for treatment and remedies. 



DISEASES OF CATTLE. 

....THEIR.... 

CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT. 




The attention we will pay to this , department, will be 
devoted to the explanation and treatment of the various 
diseases that cattle are subject to. There is a similarity 
in some diseases of cattle to those of the horse, for in- 
stance: Inflammation, irritation, and fever are common to 
all animals. However there are so many diseases affect- 
ing cattle which do not apply to the horse, that it is nec- 
essary to treat the subject of causes, symptoms, and rem- 
edies in a department of its own. Owing to the fact that 
the ox or cow have four stomachs, first, the rumen or 
paunch; second, the reticulum; third, the manyplus; fourth, 



74 Diseases of Cattle. 

abomasum or rennet, under no consideration should med- 
icine be given otherwise than in fluid form, so that it may 
pass freely and quickly from one stomach to another. Ad- 
ministering medicines in powdered form to cattle, instead 
of its finding its way into any of the stomachs, it is very 
likely to break through the platform at the bottom of the 
gullet, not only loosing the efficacy of the medicine but 
destroying the life of the animal. Therefore, we caution, 
never give the ox or cow medicines in a solid form. 

The ox or the cow do not, even under the most severe 
forms of disease, exhibit that same amount of fever, irri- 
tation, and loss of appetite, which is shown in the horse 
when attacked with the same disease. Not until the dis- 
ease has made considerable progress, does the ox or cow 
show distressed symptoms of disease; so much is this the 
case, that the (Owners fail to see any thing wrong. This 
is by far the greatest difficulty in the successful treatment 
of diseases of cattle. Not getting or applying the reme- 
dies at an early stage of the affection. A closer attention, 
and more careful observation on the part of the farmers, 
is almost demanded. 

The farmer will find it to his interests to observe the 
following: If there is even a very slight grating sound in 
the wind-pipe, which can be readily detected by placing 
the ear to the throat, the animal should have immediate 
attention, and if given the proper treatment will be well in 
a few days; whereas, if left to itself, serum is exuded, and 
debility, weakness, and even death may follow. There- 
fore we will say, study the sounds of the wind-pipe, both 
in the sick and well animal, and you will not only perfect 
your knowledge in this particular, but we can assure you 
it will not be an idle study; for in a short time, you will 



Diseases of Cattle. 7o 

not only be able to detect the insidious diseases, in their 
beginning in your cattle, but can apply the remedies be- 
fore the diseases have advanced, saving yourself incon- 
venience and loss. In this way, you will soon convince 
yourself, that cattle diseases are not so difficult to curt 
after all, and while others have so long sat and brooded 
with sour minds over their loss, and the ignorance and 
inefficiency of cow doctors, you have obtained a mastery 
of the situation. 



ABORTION. 

Abortion consists of slinking or slipping of calves. 
This is a great misfortune to the stock raiser, as it de- 
prives him of the profit that he would have made on the in- 
crease of his herd, as well as the loss in the decreased 
amount of milk. If the cow looses her calf within the first 
six months of gestation, it is considered abortion. But 
during the last three months it is a permature birth. 

CAUSES: — Abortion is attributed to various causes. 
Feeding upon slop or other milk secreting materials. From 
injury from vicious animals. Eating herbs that are con- 
tained in the pasture or hay. Slipping, insufficient quant- 
ity of nutritious food, or may be brought on by any debili- 
tating disease. 

SYMPTOMS: — Symptoms are very seldom promi- 
nent before abortion, and the cow will slink her calf with- 
out missing a meal. But in premature birth it is quite 
different; the loss of appetite will be noticed, the animal 
ceases chewing her cud, will appear dull, and will be dis- 
inclined to mingle with the other cattle. A glairy, yel- 
lowish discharge from the vagina takes place, sometimes 



76 Diseases of Cattle. 

streaked with blood. If the cow does not expel the calf 
soon, decomposition takes place which produces an offen- 
sive odor from the vagina. 

TREATMENT:— Remove the animal from the bal- 
ance of the herd to a comfortable place, and at once make 
an examination by passing the hand and arm into the 
womb. Previous to doing this grease the hand and arm- 
thoroughly, which not only makes the entrance easier but 
prevents injury to the parts. Remove the dead calf, and 
cleanse the womb with a solution of warm, soft water two 
quarts, carbolic acid one-half ounce once a day for two or 
three days. Give the following physic: 

Epsom Salts Twelve ounces. 

Powdered Ginger One ounce. 

Water One gallon. Mix. 

Give at one dose. Follow this treatment by giving our 
REMEDY NO. 102 AS DIRECTED. 
Feed warm bran mashes and give all the water to 
drink that the animal desires. By following the above 
treatment there will not be any bad after effects, from the 
sickness. 

Price of remedy No. 102, $1.00. 
TO PREVENT ABORTION:— Feed the animal 
substantial food and plenty of it. Excessively wet and 
sloppy food keeps the bowels to loose, which relaxes the 
solids of the body and produces over secretions of milk, 
at the expense of the health of the animal. If cows are 
in the habit of secreting milk during the three months 
before the time of calving, they should be dried up by giv- 
ing our 

REMEDY NO. 103 AS DIRECTED. 
No milking should be done unless the udder becomes 



Diseases of Cattle. 77 

distended, and then, just enough to prevent injury to the 
udder. 

Price of remedy No. 103, 75 cents. 



BLACK QUARTER— JOINT FELON. 
QUARTER EVIL. 

This disease is more prevalent in young cattle. It 
is seldom seen in animals over three years of age, but 'oc- 
casionally it is met with in animals beyond this age. 

CAUSES: — The blood becomes thick, black and con- 
gested, Which is caused by over-feeding, especially cattle 
that have been taken from a half-starved condition after a 
hard winter, and over fed. This disease is very sudden 
in its attack. Death usually occurs very quickly. 

TREATMENT: — In the early stages of this disease 
the animal should be bled, abstracting two gallons of blood. 
This should be done by an experienced person. Then 
give as a physic the following : 

Epsom Salts Sixteen ounces. 

Sulphite of Soda Eight ounces. 

Powdered Ginger Two drachms. 

Water Two gallons. Mix. 

Give at one dose. As this disease usually ends fatally, 
our efforts will be directed towards prevention. 

PREVENTION: — This is very important to the wel- 
fare of the balance of the herd, when the disease first makes 
its appearance. Give each young animal, from one to 
two years old, our 

REMEDY NO. 104 AS DIRECTED. 

Remove the young stock to high land with poor pas- 



78 Diseases of Cattle. 

ture, thereby forcing them to work for their living. Keep 
them on poor pasture for at least seven days. 
Price of remedy No. 104, 75 cents. 



BLACK TONGUE (GLOSSITIS). 

This is a disease affecting the tongue. Although it 
is apparently situated in the tongue, it is considered a con- 
stitutional disease. 

SYMPTOMS: — Appetite gone, mouth slobbering, 
tongue inflamed and swollen; so much so that it some- 
times protrudes from the mouth, preventing mastication 
and swallowing. Breathing very much disturbed. The 
animal has the appearance of suffocation. The saliva has 
a very offensive smell. If the animal is not relieved, 
usually death results in from two to four days, 
TREATMENT:— Give as a physic 

Epsom Salts Sixteen ounces. 

Powdered Ginger Two drachms. 

Water Two quarts. Mix. 

Give at one dose. Wash the mouth three times a 
day with 

Powdered Alum One ounce. 

Water One pint. Mix. 

Follow this by giving our 

REMEDY NO. 105 AS DIRECTED. 
Feed soft feed, bran/ mash, etc., and allow the animal 
to drink plenty of cold water, as this will help to allay 
the inflammation. 

Price of remedy No. 105, $1.00. 



Diseases of Cattle. 79 

BLOODY URINE (HAEMATURIA). 

This disease is usually caused by injuries over the back 
and loins, or from eating the tops of plants which effect 
the bladder and kidneys, such as yews, cedars and savins. 
Stones in the bladder, etc. 

SYMPTOMS: — Coagulated, or congealed blood 
comes when the first flow of urine is discharged, and the 
remainder of the urine is clear. The animal is weak, and 
stands with the back arched, straining to void small quant- 
ities of urine. Appetite poor, legs and horns alternately 
hot and cold, constipated, decrease of milk. When walk- 
ing the animal straddles and shows great pain from press- 
ure along the back. Do not confound this disease with 
red water, (which see). 

TREATMENT:— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 106 AS DIRECTED, 

and apply hot water cloths across the back over the 

loins. Give flaxseed tea to drink, and feed soft mashes, 

and allow the animal plenty of water to drink. 

Price of remedy No. 106, $1.00. 



BLOATING— HOVEN-STOMACH STAGGERS. 

(Tympanitis.) 

Bloating or hoven is a common disease among cattle, 
and is the result of the giving off of carbonic acid gas, 
from the large quantity of grass or clover when wet, con- 
tained within the rumen or paunch, together with a sus- 
pension of the function of digestion. The paunch be- 
comes distended to an enormous size, from the gases that 
are generated, and is noticed on the left side. Hoven 
may occur in one hour after the animal is turned out to 



80 Diseases of Cattle. 

pasture in the morning. In cases of this kind, time means 
much; therefore, every farmer should be prepared to meet 
this dangerous affection, by having our remedy No. 107 
on hand. If the case is very severe it is necessary to tap 
the stomach, which should be done by an experienced per- 
son. But as we mentioned before, if the case is not to 
far advanced, our 

REMEDY NO. 107 GIVEN AS DIRECTED, 
will save the trouble of tapping and the life of the ani- 
mal. Our remedy is preferable to tapping when the case 
is not to far advanced, as many good animals are lost from 
the tapping process, that could have been saved. After 
the stomach has been relieved, and the distention has sub- 
sided, give our 

REMEDY NO. 108 AS DIRECTED. 

Price of remedies Nos. 107 and 108 complete, $1.00. 



BRONCHITIS. 

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the wind-pipe, and 
sometimes extending to the lungs. The severity of this 
disease is varied. When there is intense inflammation 
it terminates in the outpouring of serum, from the blood in~ 
to the cavity of the chest, and often resulting in the death 
of the animal. If the cow be with calf frequently the re- 
sult will be abortion. 

CAUSES: — This disease is caused by atmospheric 
conditions, which usually manifest itself in the spring of 
the year and early summer, causing irritation of the fauces, 
mouth, throat and windpipe and sometimes extends to the 
lungs. This disease attacks most all, if not all of the 
herd. 



Diseases of Cattle. 81 

SYMPTOMS: — By applying the ear to the course of 
the wind-pipe, a slight rough and grating sound will be 
heard. This sound can be detected twelve hours after the 
attack. The quickness and depth of breathing will de- 
pend on the amount of serum poured out, and whether the 
cow be with calf, and how far she is along. In a week 
after the attack the animal will have a slight husky cough, 
weeping eyes, and a watery discharge from the inner cor- 
ner of the nose. Bronchitis is the forerunner of pleuro- 
pneumonia. 

TREATMENT: — As soon as this disease is discov- 
ered, give without a moments delay our 

REMEDY NO. 109 AS DIRECTED. 

If it is a milch cow which is attacked, and she con- 
tinues to give the usual amount of milk, give in addition to 
our remedy No. 109, half an ounce of Commercial Sulphur- 
ic Acid mixed in three gallons of cold water, to be given 
once daily. Cold water and pure air are very necessary 
agents in the treatment of this disease. 

Price of remedy No. 109, $2.00. 



CHOKING. 

Choking is of frequent and common occurrence, 
among cattle that are fed upon potatoes and other roots. 

SYMPTOMS: — If the animal slavers considerably 
and it runs from the mouth profusely, it is an indication 
that the obstruction is high up in the throat. Breathing 
will be difficult, and the animal evinces great uneasiness, 
attempts to cough, and the nose will be held straight out; 
should the obstruction be lower down in the neck, or in 
the chest, the symptoms will not be so prominent. Bloat- 



82 Diseases of Cattle. 

ing is one of the symptoms of choking and usually the left 
side will be distended. 

TREATMENT :— When the object is lodged in the 
upper or middle third of the gullet, hold the animals mouth 
open in the most convenient manner at hand; take a good 
strong cord making a slip noose on the end, insert the 
hand into the mouth and throat and endeavor to get the 
loop over the obstruction. Failing to do this, tighten the 
skin over the obstruction; try to move the obstruction up- 
ward if possible, but downward if it will go without using 
to much force. If you are unable to move it either up- or 
down, pour small quantities of warm oil or melted lard 
down the throat, at the same time working the object up- 
ward if the lodgment is high; and downward if it is low in 
the throat. Should this also prove ineffectual, the pro- 
bang should be used, or some flexible smooth stick may 
be tried; but great care must be exercised to have the 
stick go down the right passage. If the animal sets up a 
coughing when the stick is introduced into the throat, it 
is an indication that it has entered the air passage, 
therefore at once withdraw it, but try again until 
it is properly entered down to the obstruction. Ex- 
ercise patience and perseverance and the difficul- 
ty is usually easily overcome. However there 
are cases that are so obstinate, that it is necessary to open 
the gullet over the place of the obstruction; a safe opera- 
tion requiring only a simple cut through the skin and 
outer surface of the gullet, which readily heals without 
much . trouble. Bring the lips of the wound together 
with a strong but small twine or saddlers silk; use a small 
darning needle ; if a packing needle is not at hand. Feed 
the animal for a week or more, on soft or prepared food 



Diseases of Cattle. 83 

until the wound is healed. In the operation of displac- 
ing the obstruction, inflammation of the throat is usually 
produced, and unless treated becomes troublesome. A 
simple and effective remedy for this trouble is the follow- 
ing: 

Powdered Alum One-half ounce. 

Powdered Opium Three drachms. 

Warm Water One pint. Mix. 

Give wineglassful three times a day. 



COLIC. 

Colic in cattle is very light when compared with the 
same disease in the horse. 

SYMPTOMS:— The animal twists its tail from side 
to< side, appears uneasy, stamps with the hind feet, occas- 
ionally turning its head around to its side. This general 
uneasy appearance, is about the only symptom that will be 
observed when cattle have colic. The animal may lie 
down, and remain perfectly quiet without any indications 
or symptoms of distress. 

TREATMENT: — Administer as a physic the follow- 
ing: 

Epsom Salts Sixteen ounces. 

Powdered Ginger One ounce. 

Powdered Gentian Half ounce. 

Water (warm) Two quarts. Mix. 

Give at one dose. This is usually all that is necessary. 
But after giving the above physic, should the pains and 
uneasiness continue, it is a severe case; and will be neces- 
sary to give our 

REMEDY NO. no AS DIRECTED, 
which will speedily relieve and cure the animal. 
Price of remedy No. no, 75 cents. 



84 Diseases of Cattle. 

CONSUMPTION. 

Consumption is met with more frequently in the 
milch cow, than any other animal, and is usually exhibited 
in the tubercular form. 

CAUSES: — Cows that give an abundance of milk 
become reduced in flesh, condition, and vitality. The 
fibrous, serous tissues of the body become deteriorated — 
forming the foundation for tubercular consumption. As 
the cow inherits the milking qualities of her mother, she 
usually develops consumption, and for this reason it is 
known as an hereditary disease. 

SYMPTOMS:— Thin of flesh; rough dead looking 
coat; loss of appetite, low husky cough, weakness, and a 
bloodless condition of the whole system, which is easily de- 
tected by the pale, white look of the lining of the eyes, 
nose, and month. The fore legs will turn out at the 
elbows, back arched, and when lying down rests upon the 
belly and breast bone. The milk from the consumptive, 
cow is thin, blue, and watery. When consumption is in 
its last stage, the symptoms will be those of diarrhoea, dys- 
entary, discharges from the nose and eyes, accompanied 
with fever. When these symptoms have developed, the 
end is near. 

TREATMENT: — In the early stages of this disease, 
much good can be accomplished by proper treatment. Ad- 
minister our 

REMEDIES XOS. in AND 112 AS DIRECTED. 

Feed the animal with an abundance of rich and nutri- 
tious food, such as linseed, cake meal, etc. Our reme- 
dies Xo. in and 112 will sustain the vital powers, and im- 
part tenacity to the membranes throughout the body. This 



Diseases of Cattle. 85 

treatment will prolong the life, and, at the same time, im- 
prove the condition of the milking qualities of the cow. 
Price of remedies Nos. in and 112 complete, $2.00. 



COW POX. 

Cow pox is a simple affection of the skin and udder. 
It consists of a contagious eruption, accompanied by slight 
fever. 

SYMPTOMS: — Teats slightly swollen and painful; 
in three or four days red hard spots are observed on the 
teats and udder, which in a few more days form round 
blisters, which burst and discharge a bluish liquid. This 
liquid is the true vaccine lymph, which is used upon the 
human family for the purpose of vaccination. After the 
lymph has been discharged, the sores scab over with a 
thick crust. 

TREATMENT :— The milk should be drawn from 
the udder by the syphon. Keep the animal warm and free 
from exposure, and apply our 

REMEDY NO. 136 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



CROUP. 

Croup is occasionally observed in milch cows. And is 
situated in the throat. It speedily causes suffocation, and is 
very fatal, if not treated at once. 

CAUSES: — Cold attacking the head of the wind-pipe, 
followed by inflammation, and the development of false 
membranes. 

SYMPTOMS;— Loud, grating noise or munxier, rapid 



8o Diseases of Cattle. 

breathing, and fever. The animal becomes excited and is 
threatened with suffocation. Cough and great distress. 

TREATMENT :— Place the animal in the open air ; if 
it is summer time remove to a shady place, and give our 
REMEDY NO. 114 AS DIRECTED. 

This will allay the excitement, fever, and irritation. If 
remedy No. 114 gives relief in half an hour, repeat the 
dose as directed. But on the contrary, if there are no signs 
of relief in half an hour, there are but two things to do. 
Wait for the animal to die, or to cut a hole in the wind- 
pipe. In case the latter is preferred, tighten the skin about 
the middle on the front of the neck over the wind-pipe, and 
make a clean cut, fair down the centre, and through the 
skin ; when the white shining wind-pipe is brought to 
view, have an assistant to hold the skin back out of the 
way, till a hole is cut out of the wind-pipe, as large as a 
fifty cent piece. This will give instantaneous relief. The 
hole will gradually fill up, and close again without any 
trouble whatever. This bold operation, although very 
simple, is the only sure cure after our remedy has failed to 
relieve this dangerous affection. 

Price of remedy No. 114, 75 cents. 



CUD, LOSS OF, 

Loss of cud or rumination is not a disease, but a 
symptom of such diseases as bronchitis, pleuro-pneumonia, 
hoven, aphtha, etc. When rumination has ceased in any of 
these diseases and is resumed again, it is an indication that 
the animal is improving, that the functions of the body are 
again active, and are demanding food and nourishment. 



Diseases of Cattle. 87 

DIARRHOEA. 

Cattle are subject to diarrhoea as well as other animals, 
and the causes are also as various. Eating to excess of soft 
feed, or sudden change from dry to green food is the prin- 
cipal cause. 

DIARRHOEA SIMPLE— Does not call for much dis- 
cription. It should not be checked to quickly ; as much mis- 
chief may be done by retarding the efforts of nature to get 
rid of something that is irritating and injurious. 

TREATMENT : — Simple diarrhoea will not require 
treatment unless it should become violent; in that case, 
change o<f feed and pasture lands will be one of the first 
necessities. If this does not effect a cure it will be necessary 
to give the following: 

Prepared Chalk two ounces. 

Ginger half ounce. 

Opium one drachm. 

Water one quart. 

Mix with one quart thoroughly cooked wheat gruel and 
give as a drench. Repeat the dose if necessary. 

DIARRHOEA CHRONIC— Chronic diarrhoea is a 
sequel to tuberculous consumption and is the result of tuber- 
cles situated on, and in the white membranes through the 
body. It is some times called rot. 

SYMPTOMS : — Excessive watery discharges accom- 
panied by flatulency; sometimes good appetite, but usually 
the animal does not relish its feed. The animal will stand 
all drawn up with cramping pains, and rough coat. Rapid 
loss of flesh, and a general dejected appearance. 

TREATMENT : — Feed linseed, or cake meal in gener- 
ous quantities. As chronic diarrhoea is a sequel to con- 



88 Diseases of Cattle. 

sumption, the treatment and remedies are the same as in 
consumption. (Which see.) 

DIARRHOEA IN CALVES— WHITE SCOURS:— 
This affection frequently occurs among young calves, and 
destroys' thousands of them every year. 

CAUSES : — The first milk of the mother acts as a mild 
physic to the calf, and prepares the stomach for the recep- 
tion and proper digestion of food ; when the calf does not 
receive this first milk, the secretions become acid which pro- 
duces constipation, soon followed by diarrhoea or scours. It 
is also caused by giving cold milk to calves. Eating to rap- 
idly, which gorges the stomach and paralyzes the digestive 
functions. 

SYMPTOMS : — The symptoms of white scours or 
diarrhoea in calves, is vastly different from diarrhoea in 
other animals. They have a greedy appetite, discharges of 
wind or gas, swelling of the belly with occasional pain. The 
excrement or dung is of a white or yellowish color. In 
severe cases, the true milk is passed unchanged. 
• PREVENTION :— Until the calf is several weeks old 
allow it to suck its mother, morning, noon, and night. Thus 
avoiding the paralyzation and gorging of the stomach with 
cold milk. 

TREATMENT: — The first object is to counteract the 
acid secretion, and restore the bowels to a natural condi- 
tion. This is best accomplished by giving our 

REMEDY NO. 115 AS DIRECTED. 

Immediate attention should be given to the food, which 
should be composed of equal parts of milk and linseed gruel, 
until the bowels are. in a condition to receive milk alone. If 
the diarrhoea has assumed a chronic form, it will be neces- 
sary to administer our 



Diseases of Cattle. 89 

REMEDY NO. 116 AS DIRECTED. 

Price of remedy No. 115, 75 cents. 

Price of remedy No. 116, $1.00. 



FARDEL BOUND. 

This is a disease affecting the third stomach of the 
cow or ox. (See Impaction of the Omasum.) 



FOUL IN THE FOOT-FOUL CLAW. 

Foul in the foot is a sore between the digital spaces pro- 
ducing lameness. 

CAUSES : — Standing in mud and moisture, which 
scalds the parts. 

TREATMENT : — Cleanse the foot thoroughly and ap- 
ply our 

REMEDY NO. 117 AS DIRECTED. 
Keeping the feet dry and clean, will assist in effecting 
a cure. 



GENERAL DEBILITY. 

Properly speaking general debility in cattle, is the re- 
sult of faulty digestion, and assimilation of the food taken 
into the stomach. 

SYMPTOMS : — Diminished appetite, the animal at 
every opportunity licking the earth, stones, lime walls, etc., 
which cows in health would not touch. There is a dis- 
charge of mucus from the eyes and mouth accompanied by 
staring coat. If it is a milch cow, the milk diminishes in 
quantity to that extent, that it almost disappears, and what 
there is of it is very blue and thin. As general debility ad- 



90 Diseases of Cattle. 

vanccs, the membranes of the mouth, nose, and eyes are 
white and pale, showing a bloodless condition, and the anim- 
al becomes greatly reduced in flesh. The joints become 
swollen and stiff. Finally the animal is reduced to a skele- 
ton, and dies within a few months to a year from the first 
appearance of the disease, unless proper treatment is given. 
Occasionally this disease takes on epizootic form, and at- 
tacks animals over a vast scope of country. 

TREATMENT: — Remove the animal to high and dry 
pasture lands, and give our 

REMEDIES NOS. 118 AND 119 AS DIRECTED. 

Give plenty salt, and an abundance of good nutritious 
food. 

Price of remedies Nos. 118 and 119 complete, $1.50. 



HOOSE IN CALVES. 
(See Worms.) 



INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER. 

(Cystitis.) 

Cattle are not free from this disease, although its oc- 
currence is rare. It is generally the result of irritant mat- 
ter in the urine, or stones in the bladder. 

SYMPTOMS: — The animal exhibits great uneasiness, 
having pain, and constantly endeavoring to void urine ; but 
only passing a small quantity at a time. The head will fre- 
quently be turned toward the flanks, usually the eyes are 
blood shot. Should the animal not be relieved death will 
result from constant excitement, irritation, weakness, and 
exhaustion. 

TREATMENT :— Give at once our 



Diseases of Cattle. 91 

REMEDY NO. 120 AS DIRECTED. 
This will relieve the irritation and pain. Give freely 
linseed to soothe the kidneys and bladder. As soon as the 
pain and irritation have been allayed, give thirty drops of 
Muriatic Acid in a pail of cold water twice a day. This 
will lessen or destroy any stones or earthy matter which 
may be present. NEVER give the acid whilst there is any 
indication of pain or irritation present. 

Price of remedy No. 120, 75 cents. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER. 
(Hepatitis.) 

CAUSES : — High feeding in warm stables, without 
sufficient exercise to keep up an active circulation of the 
blood, causing congestion of the liver which results in in- 
flammation. 

SYMPTOMS : — During the stage of congestion there 
are no symptoms manifested. But when inflammation sets 
in, the breathing is slow, the mucus membranes of the eyes, 
nose and mouth are pale or tinged with yellow. The ex- 
crement or dung becomes hard and black indicating constipa_ 
tion. Urine high colored, coat dry, ears and legs cold. On 
applying pressure behind the last rib on the right side the 
animal will evince pain. 

iREATMENT: — Give a brisk physic composed of 
the following: 

Epsom Salts twenty ounces. 

Aloes one ounce. 

Calomel two drachms. 

Ginger one ounce. 

Water one gallon. Mix. 

After the physic has operated give our 



92 Diseases of Cattle. 

REMEDY NO. 121 AS DIRECTED. 
After taking remedy No. 121 if the bowels become con- 
stipated give as a mild physic 

Epsom Salts ten ounces. 

Ginger one-half ounce. 

Water two quarts. Mix. 

Give at one dose. As the animal convalesces, feed in 
small quantities, easily digested, nutritious food, as bran 
mash, linseed meal, boiled barley and choice clean hay. 
Price of remedy No. 121, $1.50. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. 

(Pneumonia.) 

Inflammation of the lungs is produced by being kept 
in poorly ventilated stables, and exposure to cold and damp. 

SYMPTOMS :— Usually the first symptom of this dis- 
ease is a chill, which is seldom noticed by the farmer. After 
the chill the animal becomes dull and stiff, nose dry, mouth 
hot, skin dry, rough coat, slight cough, breathing short ; 
eyes, nose, and mouth red ; bowels constipated, high colored 
and scanty urine. The animal lies down most of the time. 
As the disease advances the ears and legs become cold, 
breathing shorter, and an unfavorable result may be ex- 
pected. 

TREATMENT :— Give our 

REMEDIES NOS. 122 AND 123 AS DIRECTED. 

If the bowels are constipated give 

Epsom Salts twelve ounces. 

Ginger one-half ounce. 

Warm Water two quarts. Mix. 

Give as a drench. Mustard applied freely to the sides 



Diseases of Cattle. 93 

of the chest, will benefit greatly. Blanket well, and if the 
limbs become cold rub them briskly with alcohol and band- 
age. Allow the animal to inhale cool, fresh air, and give 
plenty of fresh, cold water to drink. Feed on soft food. 
Price of remedies Nos. 122 and 123 complete, $1.50. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE UDDER. 

(Garget Mammitis,) 

This troublesome inflammation occurs in cows most fre- 
quently shortly after calving, but in some instances not until 
several weeks after. Usually it is confined to one quarter 
of the udder only. 

CAUSES : — Becoming overheated. Not milking the 
cow before calving, when her udder is almost ready to 
burst. Neglecting to milk the cow sufficiently after calving. 
If the udder, teats and milk ducts are kept from over-gorge- 
ment, there will be no trouble with inflammation of the ud- 
der. Cows endowed with great milking qualities are usual- 
ly the victims of garget. 

SYMPTOMS: — Inflammation of the udder may exist 
in mild form for a few days and then subside, without any 
alarming symptoms. But with the severe form, the udder 
becomes very hot, red, swollen and painful, rumination par- 
tially suspended, milk becomes diminished. The afTecte ] 
portion of the udder will appear and feel firm and hard. Ow- 
ing to the condition of the udder, much pain is evinced dur- 
ing the operation of milking. The milk will be thick and 
curd-like, and frequently streaked with blood. If the cow 
is not relieved, suppuration takes place within the 
The pus may be discharged with the milk, or it may grow- 
to a soft, fluctuating point, and break externally ; causing the 



94 Diseases of Cattle. 

distraction of this portion of the udder forever. When the 
heat and redness are not followed by swelling and pus, it is 
called chronic garget. In addition to the above symptoms, 
the cow will have shivers and chills, not from cold, but 
from the muscular rigor. 

TREATMENT: — When inflammation of the udder is 
~rs: noticed, if given the proper attention the result will be 
favorable. Remove the animal to a dry comfortable place, 
free from draughts, and administer our 

REMEDY XO. 124 AS DIRECTED. 

Apply to the udder for two hours at a time, hot fomen 
tations prepared as follows : to each gallon of water used, 
add four ounces of Powdered Sulphate of Iron. Immediate- 
ly after fomenting apply a hot hop or fried onion poultice. 
Milk the udder frequently: or the best plan will be to put 
two strong calves to suck. If there is much pain during the 
operation of milking, insert the teat siphon. If the case has 
been neglected and there is a formation of pus, open deeply 
at the lowest point, and allow the pus to escape without 
forcing. When the discharge has ceased, heal the sore or 
opening by applying our 

REMEDY XO. 89 AS DIRECTED. 

If our treatment is carefully followed, the usefulness of 
the udder will be retained. 

Price of remedy Xo. I2_t. Si. 00. 
Price of remedy Xc 89, S: 00. 



IMPACTION OF THE OMASUM. 
FARDEL BOUND. 
In some parts of the world this disease has been called 



Diseases of Cattle. 95 

"wood evil," owing to the stomach being filled with leaves, 
sticks and dried twigs from bushes. 

CAUSES : — Feeding on food containing a great amount 
of woody fibre, or feeding on grass that has been left stand 
in the field until it becomes dry. 

SYMPTOMS : — The animal becomes dull and stupid, 
carrying the head low down or resting the head on some 
object. Loss of appetite, suspension of rumination or loss 
of cud, quickened breathing accompanied with a grunt. 
Great thirst; ears, horns and legs become cold. Sometimes 
the tongue protrudes from the mouth. As the disease ad- 
vances, moaning takes the place of the grunt, diarrhoea suc- 
ceeds costiveness, and the poor beast dies from exhaustion 
and from the want of proper treatment. Sometimes the 
brain is affected, in which case the animal will rush around, 
fall down, and struggle as in a fit. When this occurs death 
soon follows. 

TREATMENT : — So long as the animal does not ap- 
pear stupid, or as long as the brain is not afTected, the ani- 
mal can be cured by giving a brisk physic, prepared as fol- 
lows: 

Epsom Salts two pounds. 

Calomel two drachms. 

Gentian one ounce. 

Warm Water one gallon. Mix. 

And give at one dose. Also give an injection of warm 
soapsuds every hour for three hours, and give our 
REMEDY NO. 125 AS DIRECTED. 
If in forty-eight hours after giving the physic the bow- 
els have not moved, give half of the first dose. 
Price of remedy No. 125, $1.00. 



96 Diseases of Cattle. 

JAUNDICE. 

This is a common disease among cattle, and consists ot 
a distribution of bile throughout the whole circulation of 
the body. 

CAUSES : — Closure of the biliary duct, preventing the 
bile from passing into the bowels, resulting in the re-ab- 
sorption and diffusion of the bile through the whole sys- 
tem. The bile duct may be closed from gall stones. 

SYMPTOMS : — Usually the first symptom noticed, is 
the yellow appearance of the eyes and the membranes lining 
the nose and mouth. In addition to this the bowels will be 
constipated, urine high colored, and the animal has a dull 
appearance, heavily coated tongue, and generally loss of 
cud. 

TREATMENT :— Give as a physic 

Epsom Salts twelve ounces. 

Powdered Barbadoes Aloes one ounce. 

Podophyllin Resin two drachms. 

Ginger two drachms. 

Water two quarts. Mix. 

Give at one dose. After the physic has operated, give 
our 

REMEDY NO. 126 AS DIRECTED. 
While the animal is convalescing, carefully feed on eas- 
ily digested food, such as bran mash, malt, clover hay, bar- 
ley, etc. 

Price of remedy No. 126, $1.50. 



LOCK JAW (TETANUS.) 

Lock jaw is an affection that does not attack cattle as 
frequently as it does horses, but in cattle it is more fatal, 



Diseases of Cattle. 97 

hence the extreme dread of this disease by the cattle owner. 
Lock jaw is a nervous disorder, and the treatment is very 
difficult and unsatisfactory. Some authorities say, at the first 
appearance of lock jaw kill the animal and dress it for mar- 
ket. However, there have been cases where animals have re- 
covered from the disease, by treatment in the early stages. 

CAUSES: — Lock jaw is usually caused by pricks from 
nails, bruises, or castration. 

TREATMENT : — Remove the animal to a comfortable 
place entirely away from other cattle, and let nothing annoy 
or disturb the patient. As cattle with lock jaw are prone 
to lie down, make the animal as comfortable as possible and 
give plenty of good bedding. If the animal has the power 
of swallowing, give at once a good physic, as follows : 

Epsom Salts eight ounces. 

Sulphate of Soda twelve ounces. 

Water one quart. Mix. 

Give at one dose. Follow this by administering our 
REMEDY NO. 127 AS DIRECTED. 

Place a pail of thin gruel so the animal can suck it ; this 
allays thirst and helps to keep up the animal's strength. Re- 
member, above all things keep the animal perfectly free 
from excitement, and annoyance, and let only one person 
attend the patient, as a change of attendants excites and an- 
noys the animal. By following the above treatment you 
may save the beast. Many good ideas can be gained, by 
referring to lock jaw in the horse, (which see in the horse 
department of this book). 

Price of remedy No. 127, $1.00. 



98 Diseases of Cattle. 

LUMP JAW— CANCEROUS ULCERS. 

Lump Jaw is situated upon the jaws; either upper or 
lower, generally on the lower jaw. At first they appear as 
small, movable, hard nodules. As they develop in size, they 
become attached to the bone, and may continue to grow for 
months before breaking. When the ulcer breaks it has a 
ragged appearance and discharges a thin liquid, or pus, and 
sometimes bleeds profusely. As the disease advances, it af- 
fects the teeth, causing them to fall out. 

TREATMENT : — Lump Jaw is incurable. Therefore, 
there is no special treatment. When the nodule or lump 
first appears, the animal can be marketed. But after the 
lump has opened, the flesh should in' no case ever be used. 



MAD STAGGERS. 

(Phrenitis.) 

Mad Staggers is an inflammation of the brain, and is 
very similar to mad staggers in the horse. 

CAL'SES : — Distention of the stomach caused by over- 
feeding on long wet grass or clover. It is also caused by 
an excessive accumulation of wax in the ear, which com- 
municates with the brain. Injuries to the head, exposure to 
hot sun, or may be the sequel to some fever. 

SYMPTOMS: — Mad Staggers more frequently occurs 
during the heated term of the season. At the onset the ani- 
mal appears stupid and dull, and is inclined to press its head 
against some object. This is succeeded by quickened breath- 
ing, excitement, and delirium. During these delirious at- 
tacks, the eyes are bloodshot and staring, the animal run- 
ning about as though it were blind and drunk or mad. If 
the animal is not relieved it falls down in a state of stupor, 
from which it never recovers. 



Diseases of Cattle. 99 

TREATMENT : — In the early stages of this disease, it 
can quickly be relieved, by giving an active physic, com- 
posed of 

Epsom Salts sixteen ounces. 

Table Salt sixteen ounces. 

Molasses four ounces. 

Cold Water one gallon. Mix. 

Give at one dose. Follow this by administering our 

REMEDY NO. 128 AS DIRECTED. 
Apply ice or cold water to the head, rub the limbs brisk- 
ly with Alcohol, and bandage. Also blanket the body. 
Price of remedy No. 128, $1.00. 



MANGE. 

For causes, symptoms, and treatment, see mange in 



horses. 



MILK FEVER. 

Milk fever almost always occurs, after the fourth calv 
ing, in cows that are highly fed, and are good milkers ; it 
usually appears within three days after calving, rarely after 
the third day. Milk fever consists in inflammation of the 
womb, which sometimes even extends to the bowels. If the 
animal does not receive proper care and treatment, this dis- 
ease will undoubtedly prove fatal, as fully one-half of those 
attacked die. Do not confound milk fever with inflamma- 
tion of the udder, as the diseases are vastly different. 

CAUSES : — Over feeding before and immediately aft- 
er calving ; causing an undue deterioration of the blood to 
the womb. It is also caused from sudden changes of the 
weather at the time of calving. 

LoFC. 



100 Diseases of Cattle. 

SYMPTOMS:— From the first to the third day after 
calving, the cow has a dull and stupid appearance, accom- 
panied with loss of appetite ; chewing the cud or rumination 
is suspended ; the cow has a staggering gate, and walks as 
if weak across the back. As the disease advances the ani- 
mal takes on a wild look, falls to the ground, and cannot 
rise again. If the disease is not checked, the brain will soon 
become affected, at which time the cow will dash her head 
viciously from side to side, plunging her horns into the 
ground, and endangering those around her. 

PREVENTION : — Give one week before calving, our 

REMEDY NO. 129 AS DIRECTED. 

Let the cow's feed be of the lightest kind, such as good, 
clean hay and thin slop mashes. Do not feed any grain, 
meal, or solid food. Our remedy No. 129 will lessen the 
tendency to interruption of the circulation, and will improve 
the health, and tone the entire system. There is no other 
remedy as capable of equalizing the circulation of the 
blood, and we are confident it will prevent much suffering 
to the cow, and inconvenience and loss to the owner. Any 
cow that has been afflicted with milk fever, at the next time 
of calving, should receive all the benefits of our remedy No. 
129 for prevention, as a re-occurrence of milk fever will in- 
variably develop at the next calving, and generally proves 
fatal. 

TREATMENT :— Milk Fever demands constant at- 
tendance as long as there is life in the cow. as our remedy 
has cured cases, where the owner considered the animal lost 
and expected death every moment. As soon as this disease 
presents itself, at once administer our 

REMEDY NO. 130 AS DIRECTED. 



Diseases of Cattle. 101 

Place chopped ice or cold water cloths on the forehead, 
and give as soon as possible the following physic : 

Epsom Salts twenty ounces. 

Calomel one drachm. 

Croton Oil twenty drops. 

Ginger ■ one ounce. 

Water one-half gallon. Mix. 

Give slowly at one dose as a drench. The cow should 
be turned from side to side, each time that remedy No. 130 
is given. But kept perfectly quiet at all other times. The 
legs and body must be kept warm. Allow plenty of pure 
air, and cold water to drink. Constantly apply over the loins 
heavy cloths wrung out of hot water. Keep the bag empty 
by frequently drawing the milk. As soon as the cow ap- 
pears conscious of her surroundings, give her thin slop 
mashes to eat, and continue this diet until she has thorough- 
ly recovered. 

Price of remedy No. 129, $1.25. 
Price of remedy No. 130, $1.00. 



MILK TREMBLES. 

This disease appears in the wooded country, of the 
South and Southwest. 

CAUSES: — Cold, moisture and miasma. It usually 
disappears after the timber has been cleared from the land. 
TREATMENT :— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 131 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, $1.25. 



MURRAIN— EPIZOOTIC APHTHA. 

Epizootic Aphtha is called murrain in some parts of the 



102 Diseases of Cattle. 

world. It is a contagious disease attacking the feet, mouth, 
and sometimes extending to the teats and udder. It fre- 
quently proves fatal. It is rarely seen twice in the same 
animal. It consists of an eruptive fever. 

CAUSES : — Epizootic Aphtha is caused by the peculiar 
conditions of the surroundings, which exercise certain dele- 
tarious influence on the system. Contagion is believed to be 
the greatest cause. 

SYMPTOMS : — Small vesicles or blisters appear in the 
mouth, on the feet around and between the coronet, causing 
them to become sore. Sometimes these same blisters appear 
on the teats and udder, causing much annoyance. The blis- 
ters contain pus, and soon discharge and dry up forming a 
scab. The appetite is poor. Thick ropy saliva runs from 
the mouth. The feet are not always attacked, but generally 
are. When the feet are badly affected, the sores burrow 
deep between the hoof and sensitive structure of the foot, 
causing a complete separation of the hoof, which is finally 
thrown off. If the herd is properly attended to, not many, 
if any of them will die ; and the hoof will grow on again, al- 
though not so strong as the first one, but will be as useful as 
ever. 

TREATMENT :— Give as a mild physic- 
Sulphate of Soda ten ounces. 

Ginger one-half ounce. 

Foenugreek one-half ounce. 

Warm Water one quart. Mix. 

Give as a drench at one dose. Wash the sores with our 

REMEDY NO. 132 AS DIRECTED. 
The milk of cows affected with this disease, is poison. 
And even if the calf is allowed the milk, it will soon perish. 
Price of remedy No. 132, 75 cents. 



Diseases of Cattle. 103 

PLAGUE— CONTAGIOUS TYPHUS- 
RINDERPEST. 

This disease consists in inflammation of the white mem- 
brane of the nose, wind-pipe, and chest. The membranes be- 
come deteriorated, portions become detached, and decay, 
forming- a dangerous poison which is absorbed into the cir- 
culation, producing fermentation of the blood, resulting in 
boils, or small carbuncles which soon discharge pus. This 
disease if not given prompt treatment, gradually progresses 
until the blood and tissues of the body are no longer fit for 
the purpose of life ; and the animal becomes exhausted, and 
dies in from a few days to one, two and three weeks from 
the time of the attack. 

CAUSES : — The exciting causes are the conditions of 
the earth and atmosphere, as heat and moisture, cold and 
dryness; contagion. The predisposing cause is, general de- 
bility or a low standard of general health. (See General De- 
bility). 

SYMPTOMS : — Arched back, weeping eye and nostril, 
followed by husky cough, with dullness and prostration. 
Appetite and chewing of cud irregular. If the animal is 
attacked with rigor and chills, it is an evidence that blood- 
poison has set in. The breathing soon becomes difficult, the 
skin and hair have an unhealthy appearance, and high fever 
is present. Eruptions and sores appear in the mouth anil 
nose, and sometimes extend to the feet. After the appear- 
ance of these eruptions, the discharge from the eyes and 
nose will consist of pus streaked with blood. When saliva- 
tion and diarrhoea make their appearance, accompanied by 
stupor, death is approaching. Debilitated animals and cows 
heavy with calf, will die much sooner from this disease than 
animals in good condition. 



104 Diseases of Cattle. 

TREATMENT: — As this is a contagious disease, to 
prevent its spread, it will be necessary to isolate the strick- 
en animals from the balance of the herd. And to the af- 
flicted cattle give our 

REMEDY NO. 133 AS DIRECTED. 
Our remedy No. 133 has been tested and proved to be 
a perfect success, where others have failed. Give the most 
nutritious food to be had, and the result will be most sat- 
isfactory. 

Price of remedy No. 133, $2.00. 



RED WATER— BLACK WATER. 

This disease only affects milch cows, and makes its ap- 
pearance soon after calving. 

^i.uSES: — Usually caused by local congestion, the 
liver and kidneys being chiefly implicated. It is sometimes 
caused by the peculiar properties of certain herbs or grasses, 
which the cow feeds upon. 

SYMPTOMS : — For a day or two the animal will 
have diarrhoea, which is followed by constipation; in the 
first stage, the. urine is brown in color ; in the second stage, 
it changes to a deep red color, and in the last and fatal 
stage, to a black. 

TREATMENT : — Give a brisk physic composed of : 

Epsom Salts sixteen ounces. 

Table Salt sixteen ounces. 

Ginger one-half ounce. 

Molasses four ounces. 

Water one gallon. Mix. 

Give as a drench at one dose. Follow this by giving our 

REMEDY NO. 134 AS DIRECTED. 



Diseases of Cattle. 105 

Feed very soft mashes for two days; after this time, 
good generous feeding will assist and hasten the animals 
recovery. 

Price of remedy No. 134, $1.50. 



RING WORM. 

This disease is produced by parasites. It is a contag- 
ious disease, but not a fatal one. Young, and poorly fed 
cattle are most subject to ring worm. 

TREATMENT :— Remove the affected animals from 
the other cattle, and feed good, nutritious food. Bathe the 
ring worm with soft-soap and warm water, and apply once 
daily for three or four days, our 

REMEDY NO. 135 AS DIRECTED. 

This will speedily eradicate the ring worm. If the ring 
worm is close to the eye, use EXTREME care in not allow- 
ing any of the medicine to enter the eye. 

Price of remedy No. 135, 50 cents. 



SORE TEATS. 

The skin of the teats of some cows is very tender and 
easily cracked, forming open sores which sometimes are dif- 
ficult to heal. These sores are more frequently met with in 
cows that have just calved, and give considerable annoyance 
during the operation of milking ; not only causing the cow 
much pain, but the disagreeable feature of blood and pus 
getting into the milk. When the teats are sore and tender, 
do not allow the calf to suck, as it will aggravate the sores, 
and in many instances will cause the cow to develop into 
a proffessional kicker. 



106 Diseases of Cattee. 

TREATMENT : — Sore teats can be easily and quick- 
ly healed by applying our 

REMEDY NO. 136 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



SPLEENIC APOPLEXY. 

This is a new disease, and is one that is seldom met 
with, except among cattle which are being fattened rapidly. 
It consists in engorgement of the spleen with blood, creat- 
ing a poisonous ferment within the blood. When the spleen 
becomes ruptured, death follows in a short time. Never 
feed the flesh of an animal that has died of spleenic apo- 
plexy to anything: as chickens, dogs and pigs, will die in a 
few hours after eating this poisonous flesh. Men have died 
from cutting themselves while removing the hide from cat- 
tle that died from this disease. 

CAUSE : — Food, rich in nutritive qualities, and de- 
ficient in fluids, is the great cause of spleenic apoplexy in 
cattle. 

SYMPTOMS: — This disease comes on very suddenly: 
the animal may have every appearance of health in the 
morning, and be dead before evening. The symptoms are 
as follows : Colicky pains, urine and manure mixed with 
blood, twitching of the muscles, frothing from the mouth, 
breathing quick and short, staggering gait. The animal falls 
and dies. 

a avj_.ATMENT : — When seen in the first stage give 
immediately, the following physic : 

Epsom Salts sixteen ounces. 

Glauber Salts '. twelve ounces. 

Calomel two drachms. 

Ginger one ounce. 



Diseases of Cattle. 107 

Warm Water one gallon. Mix. 

Give as a drench at one dose. Apply chopped ice, or 
cole water to the head, and administer every two hours the 
following : 

Carbonate of Ammonia two drachms. 

Ginger ne drachm. 

Water two quarts. Mix. 

If this treatment is given in time, it will in rare cases 
effect a cure. But no treatment, however, well directed, is 
of any use when the disease has thoroughly manifested it- 
self. The best treatment for the balance of the herd, is to 
prevent its further appearance, by reducing the diet to some- 
thirg less nutritious and containing more fluid, than their 
present diet. 



STURDY (HYDAT1DES.) 

Sturdy is a parasitic disease. It is the result of a worm 
found floating in a fluid, surrounded by a sack, and situated 
on one side of the brain, near the base of the horn. 

CAUSES : — This worm is taken into the stomach of 
the animal while eating feed or grass, on which have been 
dropped ova or eggs from dogs, affected with tape-worm. 

SYMPTOMS :— The first symptom is usually the total 
blindness of one of the eyes ; however, this is not always the 
case. The only symptom to be relied upon, is a constant de- 
sire of the animal to turn in the form of a circle. This the 
animal will persist in doing, and only stops, when coming 
in contact with some object which prevents further circular 
turning. The animal frequently comes in contact with ob- 
jects with such force, that on the side of the head will ap- 
pear large swellings ; but this does not check the desire for 
turning. The animal becomes emaciated, and the inabilitv 



108 Diseases of Cattle. 

to stop turning prevents it from gathering food. And un- 
less the animal receives treatment, the case will terminate in 
starvation. 

TREATMENT :— The cure consists in finding the ex- 
act spot on the head over the hydatid, and boring through 
the bone with an instrument made for that purpose. As soon 
as the bone is bored through, a small pair of forceps or tongs 
is put through it into the sack, and by this means together 
y/ith a long nozzle syringe, pump out what fluid there is in 
the cavity, and a cure is completed. The hole will have to be 
closed by a pad or cloth, to exclude the air until it has closed 
by a new bone. This operation should only be attempted 
by a skilled and experienced person. 



TEXAN FEVER. 

Texan Fever is similar to fardel bound, and is not con- 
find to Texas alone, as it frequently develops at the close 
of summer, more or less every year, in the Eastern and 
Middle States. It consists in the impaction of the manyplus 
or third stomach, with withered or dried grass and herbage, 
containing no moisture whatever. While fardel bound con- 
sists in the impaction of the omasum or fourth stomach, 
with the same substances. Therefore for causes, symptoms 
and treatment see impaction of the omasum. 



THRUSH IN THE MOUTH— SORE MOUTH. 

APHTHA. 

This is an eruption of the mouth consisting of small 
vesicles or sores, appearing on the lips and cheeks and 
sometimes on the tongue. These eruptions ulcerate and are 



Diseases of Cattle. 109 

quite troublesome; they sometimes appear in the mouth 
of young cattle, generally caused from teething. 

SYMPTOMS : — Saliva dropping from the lips, drop- 
ping or quidding of the food, sometimes considerable fever, 
but fever is not always present. Upon examination of the 
mouth the sores or ulcers will be revealed. 

TREATMENT : — Give as a mild physic one quart of 
Raw Linseed Oil, and wash the mouth twice daily with a 
solution prepared as follows : 

Powdered Alum two ounces. 

Water one pint. Mix. 

If the Alum is not convenient, a weak mixture of cider 
vinegar and cold water will answer. 



WARTS. 

Warts appear most frequently about the eyes, mouth, 
teats, and udder. They seldom give any trouble to the cow, 
unless they are situated on the teats or in the milk channel. 
TREATMENT : — When warts give any annoyance 
they should be removed%y a sharp pair of scissors or knife, 
and apply our 

REMEDY NO. 137 AS DIRECTED. 
Price 50 dents. 



WORMS. 

The most prevalent species are the large round worms, 
although tape-worm is occasionally discovered in cattle. 

SYMPTOMS: — If tape-worm is present, links of the 
worm will be voided in the dung. Irregular and ravenous 
appetite, debilitated condition, with a hidebound appear- 
ance. Sometimes colicky pains accompanied by diarrhoea. 



110 Diseases of Cattle. 

TREATMENT: — For worms of any variety, except 
tape- worm, give our 

REMEDY NO. 138 AS DIRECTED. 
For tape-worm give our 

REMEDY NO. 139 AS DIRECTED. 

Price of remedy No. 138, $1.00. 

Price of remedy No. 139, $1.00. 

HOOSE IN CALVES. — This is a parasitic disease, 

and is common among young calves and cattle until two 

years old. This disease is very fatal in its results. 

CAUSES : — Minute worms called filaria bronchi, in- 
habit the wind-pipe and bronchial tubes of young cattle, 
sheep and lambs. 

SYMPTOMS : — Loss of appetite, emaciation, husky 
cough, difficult breathing. This diease is rapid in its dis- 
tinction, and death takes place in from two to three weeks, 
according to the age of the beast. 
TREATMENT:— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 140 AS DIRECTED. 
This remedy will quickly effect a cure. Give the calves 
good feed, such as oil cake, etc. If they have become very 
much weakened from the effect of the worms, in addition 
to our remedy No. 140, give our 

REMEDY NO. 141 AS DIRECTED. 

Price of remedy No. 140, 75 cents. 
Price of remedy No. 141, 75 cents. 



SHEEP AND LAMB 
DEPARTMENT. 

...THEIR... 

DISEASES, SYMPTOMS and TREATMENT. 




iypgS^^WiWw 



No country is better situated for sheep raising than 
most of the Northern and some of the Southern portions of 
the United States. Sufficient attention is by no means paid 
in many portions of this country to the profit, which could 
be made to result from the cultivation of the sheep. Ten 
times the present number might easily be raised, and they 
would give in meat, wool, and progeny, a large direct profit, 
while the food which they consume would do more towards 
fertilizing the farm, than an equal amount consumed by any 
other animal. 



112 Diseases of Sheep. 

The general care and feeding of sheep is so well known 
to farmers, that we will not go into detail on that subject. 
But, will devote our entire space on the diseases, symptoms 
and treatment which sheep are subject to, which undoubt- 
edly will be much more beneficial and appreciated. 



THE PROPER ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICINE 

In the sheep, the stomach into which medicine is to 
be administered is the fourth, or digesting stomach. The 
c mparatively insensible walls of the rumen, or paunch, are 
but slightly acted upon, except by doses of very improper 
magnitude. Medicine to reach the fourth stomach, should 
be given in a state as nearly approaching fluidity as possible. 
Even then it may be given in such a manner as to defeat the 
object in view. If the animal forcibly gulps fluids down, or 
if they are given hastily, they will follow the caul at the 
base of the gullet with considerable rnomentum, force as- 
snnder the pillars, and enter the rumen ; if they are drunk 
more slowly, or administered gently, they will trickle 
down the troat, glide over the pillars, and pass on through 
to the true stomach. 



COLD IN THE HEAD, OR SNUFFLES. 

This disease is very common among sheep in the fall, 
winter and spring, in fact, a flock is rarely free from it. 

TREATMENT : — As this disease is not a serious one, 
the treatment is simple. Separate the afflicted sheep from 
the balance of the flock, to a warm, well ventilated place. 
If they are constipated, give the following physic : 

Epsom Salts three ounces. 

Ginger two drachms. 

Water one quart. Mix. 



Diseases of Sheep. 113 

Give at one dose. Follow this treatment by adminis- 
tering our 

REMEDY NO. 6 AS DIRECTED. 
The above treatment and remedy never fails to effect 
a cure. 



COLIC— "STRETCHES" 

Sheep are occasionally observed, particularly in the 
winter, lying down and rising every moment or two, and 
constantly stretching their fore and hind legs so far apart, 
that their bellies almost touch the ground. They appear to 
be in great pain, refuse all food, and frequently die, unless 
relieved. This disease is popularly known as the "stretches." 

TREATMENT :— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 16 AS DIRECTED, 
as soon as you detect any symptoms of colic. You 
should never be without this remedy, as colic is liable to 
attack your sheep at any moment. 

Price of remedy No. 16, 75 cents. 



CHARBON— BRAXY. 

(Spleenic Apoplexy.) 

CAUSES : — The causes of this disease are the same as 
in spleenic apoplexy in cattle— over-feeding on very rich 
food with insufficient exercise. Exposure to changeable 
weather, or severe storms; plunging in water when over- 
heated; constipation. It is frequently brought on from eat- 
ing frost-bitten herbage, consequently, it makes its appeal 
ance most frequently in the late autumn and early spring. 

SYMPTOMS: — Uneasiness is manifested; loathing of 
food; swollen belly; pains in the bowels, the animal lying 



114 Diseases of Sheep. 

down and rising up frequently. Later it will stand with its 
head down, and the back drawn up. The eyes are blood- 
shot, and red or purple spots appear upon the skin. After 
a bloody fluid appears around the nose, eyes, mouth and 
anus, convulsions soon claim the patient and death is the 
result. 

TREATMENT: — Remedies to be successful must be 
promptly given. A large percentage of the cases are lost, 
through the dilatory efforts of the owner to save them. As 
soon as you are aware of this disease, give the following 
physic : 

Epsom Salts two ounces. 

Water one pint. Mix. 

Give at one dose. This should immediately be followed 
with our 

REMEDY NO. 142 AS DIRECTED. 

Feed light diet and allow plenty of good fresh water. 
When one sheep is attacked by this disease, other attacks 
must be expected in the flock, in the course o>f a few days, 
as they have all been exposed to the causes that produce it. 
Therefore the entire herd should have change of diet and 
pasture, and give each sheep one dose of our remedy No. 
142, and the trouble will be averted. 

Price of remedy No. 142, 50 cents. 



CONGESTION OF THE LIVER. 

Congestion of the liver manifests itself most frequently 
during the winter months, when sheep are kept housed, and 
denied exercise, and fed on over-nutritious food. 

SYMPTOMS : — Yellowness of eyes and membranes 
lining the mouth and nose ; constipation and dullness. 



Diseases of Sheep. 115 

TREATMENT: — As soon as the symptoms are ob- 
served, no time should be lost in giving a physic, prepared 
as follows : 

Epsom Salts two ounces. 

Calomel three grains. 

Warm Water one pint. Mix. 

Give at one dose. This should be followed by adminis- 
tering every morning, one dose of our 

REMEDY NO. 143 AS DIRECTED. 
Continue giving our remedy No. 143, until the yellowish 
condition has disappeared. Allow plenty of water to drink 
that has been slightly warmed. 

Price of remedy No*. 143, 50 cents. 



CONSTIPATION OR COSTIVENESS. 

This is easily overcome by giving 

Epsom Salts three ounces. 

Ginger . one drachm. 

Mix in one pint of water and give at one dose. In young 
lambs, a spoonful of Castor Oil is generally sufficient to 
move the bowels. If the lamb does not do well and appears 
stupid and dull, give a few spoonsful of hot whisky three 
times a day. 



DIARRHOEA OR SCOURS IN LAMBS. 

Common diarrhoea or scours, manifests itself by cop- 
iousness of fluiditv of the evacuations. It is generally caused 
by improper food, as bad hay or noxious weeds ; sudden 
changes from dry food to fresh grass. Over-loading the 
stomach. It is often produced by cold and wet. 



116 Diseases of Sheep. 

SYMPTOMS : — The lamb appears sad and does not care 
to play. Lies down a portion of the time, arches its back 
while standing. The dung that is passed will be thin and 
whitish in appearance, later mixed with mucus, and at last 
bloody. The lamb ceases to eat or nurse, and will bleat. 
Looses flesh, and if relief is not given it will die in a few 
days. 

TREATMENT :— An immediate change of food is 
necessary. Place in a well ventilated stable; take the white 
of an tgg, mix it in half cup of milk warm water, beat 
well together and give every six hours until three doses 
have been given. After the third dose our 

REMEDY NO. 8, AS DIRECTED, 
should always be given. 

Price of remedy No. 8, 50 cents. 



DISTEMPER— INFLUENZA-EPIZOOTIC. 

Epizootic generally makes its appearance, in winters, 
which are characterized by sudden changes in temperature, 
and is often spoken of by farmers as a bad winter for sheep. 
This disease is dreaded ; for wnen once fairly rooted in a 
flock, it is liable to destroy more sheep than all other diseases 
combined. 

SYMPTOMS: — The sheep appears dull and drooping; 
the eyes run profusely and become red, with a decided dis- 
charge of thick, glutinous mucus, adhering in and about the 
nostrils. Their movements are languid, and they are not dis- 
posed to eat. In a few days emaciation takes place, causing 
great weakness. The bowels usually become constipated, 
and often bloating is present. 

TREATMENT : — If the sheep are on low ground, re- 



Diseases of Sheep. 117 

move at once to high ground and shelter them nights. Mix 
a portion of our 

REMEDY NO. 148 AS DIRECTED, 
in the drinking water three times a day, for two or three 
days. If the sheep are constipated, give at one dose 

Epsom Salts one ounce. 

Water half pint. Mix. 

After the bowels have moved, give our 

REMEDY NO. 9 AS DIRECTED. 
Price of remedies Nos. 148 and 9 complete, $1.50. 



FOOT LAMENESS— GRAVEL- 
FOUL IN THE FOOT. 

Sheep are subject to this disease if kept in wet, filthy 
yards, or in moist, poachy or marsh ground. It consists in 
an irritation in the cleft of the foot. It occasions, however, 
no serious results, and disappears without treatment by re- 
moving the sheep, before it becomes aggravated, to high 
and dry ground. If they do not improve in a few days, use 
the following solution : 

Blue Vitriol one ounce. 

Tar . .* eight ounces. 

Mix well together, and apply all around the sores. Do 
not confound this disease with foot rot, as foot rot is serious 
and contagious. 



FOOT ROT— HOOF ROT. 

Foot rot is a contagious disease. Although sometimes 
it is produced, by the sheep being pastured on low, wet 
grounds. 



118 Diseases of Sheep. 

SYMPTOMS.— The fore feet are generally first at- 
tacked, and most usually but one of them. The animal at 
first manifests but little constitutional disturbance, and eats 
as usual. By the time that any considerable disorganization 
of the structures have taken place in the first foot, and 
sometimes sooner, the other forefoot is attacked. That be- 
coming as lame as the first, the miserable animal seeks its 
food on its knees ; and if forced to rise, its strange, hobbling 
gait betrays the intense agony occasioned by bringing its 
foot in contact with the ground. The farmer is so familiar 
with this disease, that it will be unnecessary to dwell far- 
ther on the symptoms. 

TREATMENT :— Prompt action should be taken. As 
the disease advances the entire system becomes affected, con- 
sequently, the recovery is of longer duration. Remove the 
diseased parts with a knife, as this will assist greatly the 
effectiveness of the remedies to be applied. The sheep 
should be yarded for the operation immediately after a rain 
if practicable, as the hoofs can then be readily cut. In a 
dry time, and after a night which left no dew on the grass, 
their hoofs are almost as tough as horn. After the operation 
of triming the hoofs is completed, apply our 

REMEDIES NOS. 10 AND n AS DIRECTED. 
Price of remedies Nos. 10 and n complete, $1.00. 



GARGET— INFLAMMATION OF THE UDDER. 

This is sometimes known as caked bag. It may be 
caused by ewes lying on damp, cold ground, but is usually 
caused by too great an accumulation of milk in the udder 
prior to lambing. It also appears in ewes that have lost 
tneir young, and have either refused or been unsuccessful in 



Diseases of Sheep. 119 

adopting an orphan lamb. Occasionally it appears at wean- 
ing time, when the ewe is giving a strong flow of milk. 
TREATMENT :— Give as a mild physic : 

Epsom Salts two ounces. 

Water ■ half pint. 

Ginger one drachm. Mix. 

Give as a drench at one dose. Follow this with our 

REMEDY NO. 147 AS DIRECTED. 
Bathe the bag for half an hour with hot water, then ap- 
ply a mixture of Camphor and Lard twice daily. If mag- 
gots have made their appearance, use our 

REMEDY NO. 145 AS DIRECTED. (See Maggots.) 

Price of remedy No. 147, 50 cents. 
Price of remedy No. 145, 50 cents. 



LUNG FEVER (PNEUMONIA.) 

An inflammation of the lungs. Generally caused in 
sheep from being exposed to sudden cold, particularly after 
they have been shorn. Also from being exposed to cold 
rains in the fall or spring. This disease is very serious, and 
often gains a firm foot-hold before you are aware of its ex- 
istence. Therefore immediate steps must be taken to coun- 
teract this delay. 

SYMPTOMS: — The animal becomes dull, neglects to 
eat. frequently drinking large quantities of water. The 
breathing is rapid and difficult ; the eye becomes clouded, 
and the nose discharges matter of a very disagreeable odor, 
frequent grinding of the teeth is noticed, which can be 
heard at quite a distance. 

TREATMENT :— Give three ounces of Epsom Salts 
in a quart of water. If this does not move the bowels in 



120 Diseases of Sheep. 

four hours repeat the dose. As soon as the bowels operate 
freely, give our 

REMEDY NO. 7 AS DIRECTED. 
Price of remedy No. 7, 50 cents. 



LUNG WORMS IN LAMBS— HOOSE— 
PALE DISEASE— HUSK. 

SYMPTOMS : — When these worms are in the wind- 
pipe they cause irritation and coughing. Grown sheep are 
rot often seriously affected ; but death among lambs is very 
frequent. Large quantities of these worms accumulate in 
young lambs to such an extent, that it prevents the proper 
amount of air passing to the lungs, thereby affecting the 
entire system, producing a pale bloodless condition. Loss 
of appetite, loss of flesh, and if not relieved quickly ends \m 
death. 

TREATMENT : — These worms must be attacked from 
two sources. Internally and externally. Our combination 
REMEDIES NOS. 14 AND 149 AS DIRECTED, 

for internal and external use, should be administered and 
applied, as soon as the worms are detected. 

Price of remedies Nos. 14 and 149 Complete, $1.00. 



MAGGOTS. 



Maggots are the product of the blow fly, or bluebottle 
fiy, or the common fly. These flies deposit their eggs, on 
wounds or injuries, which develop into maggots very rap- 
idly. Rams with horns growing very closely to their heads, 
are very liable to have maggots generate under them, par- 
ticularly, if the skin on the surrounding parts becomes 



Diseases of Sheep. 121 

broken ; and these, unless removed, soon destroy the animal. 
Sometimes at weaning time, sheep will suffer from caked 
bags, which break, and is soon attacked by flies; the result 
is maggots. The tag-locks which accumulate around the 
tail of sheep should be kept well trimmed, as this is a favor- 
ite place for the flies to deposit their eggs. Any cut or sore 
should, in the summer time, receive proper and prompt at- 
tention until thoroughly healed, thereby preventing mag- 
gots. Sheep that are affected with these pests, will stroll oft" 
by themselves and lie down and remain separate from the 
flock. 

TREATMENT : — As soon as the maggots are discov- 
ered, apply our 

REMEDY NO. 145 AS DIRECTED. 

This remedy will not only kill the maggots, but pre- 
vents the flies from depositing more eggs. As this remedy 
will assist in healing, it should be applied to any wound or 
sore, as soon as discovered, thereby preventing flies from 
depositing their eggs. 

Price of remedy No. 145, 50 cents. 



MILK FEVER— PARTURIENT FEVER. 

SYMPTOMS : — Loss of appetite ; jerking of the hind 
legs and twitching of the ears ; become dull and stupid, stag- 
ger from weakness while walking, appear drowsy, dark col- 
ored discharge from the vagina or hinder parts ; at this 
period if the lamb is cast, it is usually dead. But if the 
lamb is not cast, the ewe becomes feverish and moans with 
great pain, and the discharge becomes more and more of- 
fensive. When the ewe is relieved of the lamb, the lamb is 
in a decayed condition. 



122 Diseases of Sheep. 

TREATMENT:— The ewe should be removed from 
the balance of the flock at once, given a good bed free from 
draught, but well ventilated. Give 

Epsom Salts two ounces. 

Saltpetre one drachm. 

Warm Water one pint. 

Mix well together and give at one dose. This acts as a 
physic, which is absolutely necessary to save the ewe. Feed 
iio-inng" but warm gruel and mashes, and administer our 
REMEDY NO. 15 AS DIRECTED. 
Price of remedy No. 15, $1.00. 



ROT— FLUKES IN THE LIVER— LIVER ROT. 

This disease sometimes causes the death of every sheep 
in the flock. It is caused by allowing the sheep to pasture on 
land that has been over-flowed with water. Even feeding 
on a crop of green oats, early in the fall before frost comes, 
has been known to rot young sheep. Rot is produced by a 
flat worm, of whitish color, varying in size from one-half of 
an inch to one inch in length, which develops in the internal 
organs, especially the liver. This disease is rarely seen 
where sheep are grazed on upland pasture. 

SYMPTOMS : — The first symptoms are only marked by 
the inclination to take on flesh ; but this rapid gain is of 
short duration, and a paleness in the membranes makes its 
appearance, to which may be added a yellowness of the car- 
uncle at the corner of the eye. This is a symptom that 
never fails where sheep are affected with flukes. Upon part- 
ing the fleece, the skin is found to have changed its ver- 
milion tint for a pale red, and the wool is easily separated 
from the felt. As this disease advances, the skin become 



Diseases of Sheep. 123 

dappled with yellow or black spots. Increased dullness, loss 
of condition, appetite irregular, but the desire for water in- 
creases. Dropsical swellings now appear, and fluid forms 
under the skin. The skin becoming loose, and flabby with 
wool coming off easily. Usually a large watery tumor is 
noticed under the lower jaw. When diarrhoea sets in, 
death may be looked for at any time. The duration of this 
disease is uncertain ; the animal occasionally dies shortly 
after becoming affected, but more frequently it extends to 
from three to six months. 

TREATMENT:— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 146 AS DIRECTED. 
This remedy has been tested and the results have been 
remarkably successful. When sheep are known to have be- 
come affected with flukes from grazing on certain pastures, 
it is advisable to plow and cultivate such meadows for two 
or three years ; thereby destroying the parasites. Sheep af- 
fected with flukes should always be given plenty salt. 
Price of remedy No. 146, 75 cents. 



SCAB— MANGE. 

This is a skin disease, analogous to the mange in horses 
and the itch in man, and is caused and propagated by a min- 
ute insect, the acarus. The female acari quickly travel to 
the roots of the wool and bury themselves in the skin. On 
the tenth or twelfth day, a little swelling may be detected 
which has a greenish blue tint. The pustules are now rap- 
idly formed, and about the sixteenth day they break, when 
the mothers appear again, with their little ones attached to 
their feet. These little ones immediately set to work, pene- 
trate the skin, find proper nourishment, and grow and propa- 



124 Diseases of Sheep. 

gate, until the poor sheep has myriads of them preying 
upon it. It is not wonderful, under such circumstances, the 
poor creature should speedily sink. It has been asserted, 
that the female acari brings forth a million and a half of 
her progeny every three months. Scab is a contagious dis- 
ease and spreads rapidly, which accounts for the necessity 
of prompt and energetic treatment. 

SYMPTOMS : — Sheep affected with scab are ex- 
ceedingly restless, rubbing themselves with violence against 
trees, stumps, stones, fences, or any object they can get at; 
scratch themselves with their feet, tear out the wool with 
their teeth, and bite at the sores. As the pustules become 
broken the pus escapes, and a scab is formed. If the animal 
is left unattended, it will rub the scabs off: causing them to 
bleed, and large sores or scabs are formed, from which the 
wool drops off, leaving the poor sheep an unsightly object 
And unless relieved the sheep rapidly falls off in flesh, and 
pines away. The fleece is lost, the animal dies from ex- 
haustion and torment. 

TREATMENT : — The best method to accomplish a 
cure in this disease, is dipping the animal in the following 
solution : 

Tobacco Leaves or Stems five pounds. 

Flour of Sulphur half pound. 

Water twenty gallons. 

Place the tobacco into the water and heat to boiling 
point (but do not boil) until the strength is extracted from 
the tobacco. Remove the tobacco from the liquid, add the 
flour of sulphur and stir thoroughly. Allow the mixture to 
cool, and it is ready to commence to dip the sheep. If there 
are any hard scabs remove them, then dip the sheep and hold 
it under the water until it is well soaked ; allowing only the 



Diseases of Sheep. 125 

eyes, nose, and mouth above the liquid. When removing it, 
place it on a rack so as the drippings will return to the tank. 
Stir the liquid frequently to keep the sulphur floating, and 
occasionally add a little liquor to keep the temperature of 
the solution about 120 degrees. Do not allow the animals 
upon the pasture, until they are dry enough that none of 
the liquid will drop from the body. This usually will effect 
a cure, and will be the least expensive remedy the farmer 
can use. However, in aggravated cases, if the above treat- 
ment is not effective enough, it will be necessary to use our 

REMEDY NO. 144 AS DIRECTED. 
Remedy No. 144 will effect a cure in the most aggra- 
vated cases. One package of this remedy contains sufficient 
quantity for fifty sheep. 

Price of remedy No. 144, $2.00. 



WORMS. 

SYMPTOMS: — A ravenous appetite, and at times re^ 
fusing the food altogether. Constipation then diarrhoea. The 
sheep are prone to eat dirt, old mortar or sand. An irrita- 
tion appears around the hinder parts, indicated by the animal 
rubbing its rump against objects. The worms sometimes 
can be noticed in the dung. Another symptom is a short dry 
cough. The flock of sheep that does not thrive, without ap- 
parent cause, you can safely attribute it to the presence of 

worms. 

TREATMENT:— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 12 AS DIRECTED. 
It will save you dollars in feed, that is unnecessarily 
consumed by your sheep, if they are troubled with worms. 
Price of remedy No. 12, 50 cents. 



DISEASES OF THE HOG. 

....THEIR.... 

CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT. 




kill :J4__' J ,1 



AGUE CAKE SPLEENITIS.i 
This disease prevails among hogs that are pastured in 
swampy or malarial localities, and is very similar to that 
which affects mankind. 

SYMPTOMS:— The hog looses flesh; eats well, but 
food does not go to flesh. The hog becomes dull and invari- 
ably lies on one side. It leans to one side while walking, 
showing a tendency to pain. 

TREATMENT : — A change of climate or location is 
necessary. Give a physic composed of 



Diseases of the Hog. 127 

Jalap ten grains. 

Calomel ten grains. Mix. 

Give at one dose. Follow this by giving «our 
REMEDY NO. 21 AS DIRECTED. 
Price 50 cents. 



CHOLERA, HOG. 

The loss to farmers from this disease is enormous; hav- 
ing been estimated, at fifty-million in a single year. It has 
committed fearful ravages among the swine of, particularly, 
Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky. Indeed, many farmers who, 
until recently have been accustomed to raise large numbers 
of these animals, are in a great measure, disinclined to in- 
vest again in such stock, on account of the severe loss. We 
are now prepared to furnish a remedy, that is admitted by 
the profTession to be a sure preventive for cholera, as well 
as, a cure in the first stages of the disease. It is a known 
fact, that hogs in the advanced stages of cholera are in- 
curable. Therefore a preventive is of the utmost necessity, 
as it will save time, trouble, and many hundred dollars for 
the farmer. The disease cholera is believed to be brought 
onto the family of swine, through the domestication and 
the manner in which they are cared for and fed. This dis- 
ease occurs most frequently, among hogs that are fed on 
sour grain, sour swill, distilery slop, or from that which has 
been eaten and passed from other animals, or by eating food 
that has been trampled in the dung. Or in fact, any food 
that has become sour will produce cholera in the hog. The 
first ill effect that will be noticed from feeding sour food, is 
constipation followed by diarrhoea. Soon the blood be 
comes affected, and the result is cholera. Hogs fed upon 



128 Diseases of the Hog. 

sweet food will also contract cholera. But hogs that are 
fed on sound well steamed corn, are less susceptible to this 
disease. Cholera makes its appearance in two distinct forms : 
Charbon or Anthrax, and Contagious Pneumo-Enteritis. 
We will now proceed to describe cholera under its different 
forms. 

CHARBON— ANTHRAX. 

This disease affects cattle, sheep, and hogs, and is pro- 
duced from the same causes. 

CAUSES : — Fattening hogs too rapidly, that have been 
very thin, or by fattening upon sour food, and being housed 
in unclean places. This variety of cholera is really blood- 
poison, produced by a bacili or germ. It is contagious ; the 
contagion being given off by the flesh, dung, and blood. 

SYMPTOMS :— The symptoms of this form of chol- 
era develops very rapidly. The period of development is 
from a few hours to three days. Loss of appetite, great 
prostration ; bluish spots on various parts of the body ap- 
pear; breathing painful and quickened; the ears and nose 
have a bluish appearance. Squealing, or a pleading cry is 
often heard. An involuntary evacuation of the bowels al- 
ways takes place, just as the hog breathes its last. 

TREATMENT: — For treatment and remedy, see fol- 
lowing form of cholera. 

CONTAGIOUS PNEUMO-ENTERITIS. 

This form of cholera consists in an inflammation of the 
lungs and bowels, and is extremely contagious. 

CAUSES : — This form of cholera is produced by the 
same causes as charbon. It is also caused by compelling the 
hogs to drink impure water, and to live in bad smelling pens. 
Or from eating decaying vegetables, or animal matter. Also 



Diseases of the Hog. 129 

from living in swampy, malarial places. Or it may result 
from over-feeding on heating, nutritious, and highly rich 
food, forcing the animal to take on flesh to rapidly. This 
form of cholera is produced by a germ that is invisible to the 
naked eye, and travels, or can be carried through the air 
for a considerable distance, locating itself with any hog it 
comes in contact with. Owing to the extreme contagious 
character of this malady, as soon as it develops in a herd, 
every hog, regardless of age, size, or condition falls a prey 
to it. Contagious pneumo-enteritis appears in two forms : 
The Erysipelatous Form, and the Malignant Sore Throat 
Form. Therefore we will take them up separately, in order 
not to confuse the reader. 

ERYSIPELATOUS FORM OF CONTAGIOUS 
PNEUMO-ENTERITIS CHOLERA— is the most com- 
mon. 

SYMPTOMS :— Loss of appetite, animal appears dull. 
When standing, keeps the head low, and is not inclined to 
move unless compelled to do so. Sometimes the hog will 
make an effort to vomit. When it lies down it is almost 
impossible to persuade it to change its position. Urine is 
passed with difficulty, and is high colored. The excrement 
or dung is dark colored and hard, indicating constipation. 
Usually in a few hours, but sometimes not until the day fol- 
lowing, the peculiar symptoms of this form of cholera de- 
velops in the shape of, dark red purple blotches, gradually 
changing into a bluish black color, and are seldom forgotten 
after once being seen. These spots are usually observed 
when they appear on the white hogs ; but in dark hogs it 
will be necessary to search for them. They are usually lo- 
cated on the neck, throat, ears, breast, and inside the fore- 
legs. The* nostrils discharge a dark purple fluid, and the 



130 Diseases of the Hog. 

breathing becomes more labored and difficult. The hind 
quarters become paralyzed, which is readily detected when 
the animal is forced to move. At this stage, diarrhoea, with 
a bad smelling odor, sets in, and the hog dies from one to 
three days. 

MALIGNANT SORE THROAT FORM OF CON- 
TAGIOUS PNEUMO-ENTERITIS— Occurs when the 
poison attacks the tissues beneath the lining membranes of 
the throat, instead of the tissues beneath the skin. 

SYMPTOMS : — At the onset the general symptoms 
are the same as in the Erysipelatous form. As this variety 
of cholera attacks the throat, there is a greater difficulty in 
breathing and swallowing, than in the other forms. From 
the very first appearance of this form of cholera, there are 
repeated attempts at vomiting, and the efforts made in at- 
tempting to swallow and breathe becomes so decided, that 
one is inclined to believe the animal is choking. In fact, the 
suffering of the hog becomes so great, that sometimes it 
sits upon its haunches and gasps for breath, while the tongue 
which is swollen and livid, protrudes from the mouth. Oft- 
entimes the animal chokes to death in such a short space 
of time, that other symptoms will be unobserved. 

TREATMENT : — As long as the animal can be per- 
suaded to partake of food, it can be cured. But when the ap- 
petite is completely lost, there is but little hope for recovery. 
The first and most important act, is to separate the sick from 
the well hogs, and place them far enough apart to obviate 
the danger of contagion. Place them upon fresh green pas- 
ture where they can obtain an abundance of fresh, pure 
water, and immediately give our 

REMEDY NO. 17 AS DIRECTED, 
For cholera in any form. Feed the hogs clean, sweet food 



Diseases of the Hog. 131 

that has been well cooked; it is necessary to bear in mind, 
that whoever attends the sick hogs, must never under any 
circumstances come in contact with the well ones, as there 
is great danger of conveying the bacili of this disease to 
the well hogs. The afflicted animals should be given our 
remedy No. 17 as directed to effect a cure. And the well 
hogs should be given the same remedy, to prevent the dis- 
ease from developing. As this remedy will obviate further 
development, and cause a destruction of any germs that may 
be lurking in the system of the hog. Our remedy No. 17 is 
a scientific preparation, which will positively prevent cholera, 
and if given in the first stages will cure it. Scatter an abund- 
ance of lime on all dead animals, and on the places they have 
occupied, and bury the dead hogs deep. Do not allow any 
other hogs near that locality the same season. Our remedy 
No. 17 is put up in two sizes: Size A contains sufficient 
quantity for fifty hogs. Size B contains sufficient quantity 
for one-hundred hogs. 

Price of remedy No. 17, size A, $3.00. 

Price of remedy No. 17, size B, $5.00. 



COUGH, OR COLD. 

In some localities a common cold, is called, "rising of 
the lights." It is caused from exposure and sudden changes 
of temperature. 

SYMPTOMS :— Appetite partially, and sometimes 
wholly suspended. Cough, which frequently is quick and 
severe, accompanied by fever, panting, or heaving at the 

flanks. 

TREATMENT: — Place the animal in clean quarters, 
free from exposure; rub the throat and chest with mustard, 
to which has been added enough water to form a thick 



132 Diseases of the Hog. 

cream. Feed the animal three times a day upon warm, eas- 
ily digested food, into which has been mixed thirty grains of 
Copperas. Follow this by administering our 

REMEDY NO. 150 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



EPIZOOTIC CATARRH. 

This ailment is an inflammation of the membranes of 
the nose, windpipe and lungs. However, if taken in time, 
is easily cured. The causes in most cases is filthy pens, hav- 
ing access to unclean water for drinking and bathing pur- 
poses, exposed to sudden changes of temperature, or being 
out in cold rains, sleet, or hail storms. The pores of the 
skin become clogged, therefore the natural process of per- 
spiration is retarded, which forces the lungs to do an extra 
amount of work. 

SYMPTOMS :— Hoarse cough; difficult breathing; 
head droops; movements slow, stiff, and tottering. When 
squealing the sound is hoarse. Feverish most of the time ; 
constipated or diarrhoea; prone to vomit. If the animal 
staggers and wanders about as if blind, the brain is affected. 
Ulcers may appear on different portions of the body, indi- 
cating the lymphatic system is affected. This disease gen- 
erally lasts from five to fifteen days. 

TREATMENT :— Separate the affected hogs from the 
well ones, and remove them to well ventilated quarters, 
guarding against draughts, cold, wet, and moisture. Pure 
air is necessary, also fresh water to drink. Administer our 

REMEDY NO. 18 AS DIRECTED, 
which is sufficient for twenty-five hogs. After giving rem- 
edy No. 18, if the hog is constipated, give the following: 



, Diseases of the Hog. 133 

Castor Oil one ounce. 

Spirits Turpentine one drachm. 

Milk half pint. Mix. 

This is a sufficient dose. for one hog. Each package of 
remedy No. 18 contains sufficient quantity for twenty-five 
hogs, with full directions for administering. 
Price of remedy No. 18, $2.00. 



MEASLES. 

Measles is one of the most common diseases, which 
hogs are subject to. The eruptions of this disease in the 
hog has a striking resemblance, to the same disease on the 
human skin. 

CAUSES : — It is usually caused from a parasite taken 
into the stomach while eating. This parasite after being 
taken into the stomach, soon develops into worms,, which 
find their way into the muscles of the hog throughout the 
entire system, and form cysts about the size of a grain of 
wheat. The flesh of hogs that have measles, should never 
be eaten by the human family, or fed to any dumb brute 
For unless the flesh is thoroughly cooked with sufficient heat 
to destroy the parasite, tape-worm is invariably the result, 
'and develops in a short time, from ten to sixty feet in 
length in the human bowel. Measles in hogs are hereditary, 
also contagious. 

SYMPTOMS :— Eyes red and running; cough, dis- 
charge from the nose, depression of spirits, decline, or total 
departure of the appetite; weakness of the hind legs, small 
watery pustules about the throat, and reddish purple erup- 
tions on the various parts of the skin. The last are more 
plainly visible after death. 



134 Diseases of the Hog. 

TREATMENT : — Feed good, nutritious and easily di- 
gested food, and give our 

REMEDY NO. 152 AS DIRECTED, 
to all the animals that are afflicted with measles. And give 
several doses to each hog, that has been exposed to this con- 
tagious disease. 

Price of remedy No. 152, 75 cents. 



PILES (Haemorrhoides.) 

This disease is more prevalent among hogs than it is 
supposed to be. It is generally over-looked by the farmer 
until they discover blood in the dung of the hog. 

CAUSES : — The causes of this disease are varied. The 
principal causes are indigestion and constipation. This com- 
plaint is generally incurable, and the thrifty farmer does 
well, to at once relieve the animal, fatten and dispose of as 
quickly as possible. 

TREATMENT : — Food must be changed to light, eas- 
ily digested food. Sour milk is beneficial. Anoint the parts 
affected with — 

Vaseline two ounces. 

Tanic Acid four drachms. 

Mix into a paste, and apply morning and 'evening; and 
use our 

REMEDY NO. 22 AS DIRECTED. 
This will alleviate the hogs suffering, to that extent that 
it can be fattened for the market. 

Price of remedy No. 22, 50 cents. 



SCAB— ITCH— MANGE. 

This cutaneous or skin affection owes its existence to 



Diseases of the Hog. 135 

the presence of a minute insect, called Acarus Scabiei, or 
Mange Fly, which burrows beneath the skin, and occasions 
so much irritation and annoyance, that the animal keeps rub- 
bing" itself until scabs are formed. (See Scab in Sheep.) 

SYMPTOMS : — The symptoms of this disease are well 
known. It consists of scabs, blotches, and sometimes multi- 
tudes of minute pustules on different parts of the bod}'. If 
neglected, these symptoms become aggravated ; the disease 
spreads rapidly over the entire surface of the skin, and if 
allowed to proceed on its course unchecked, will before long 
produce deep seated ulcers and malignant sores, until the 
whole carcass of the afflicted animal becomes a mass of cor- 
ruption. This disease is contagious, and it matters not how 
well and properly hogs are kept, they will occasionally be- 
come affected with scab. 

TREATMENT :— Wash the hog thoroughly with soft 
soap and warm water, then dry it off and immediately apply, 
our 

REMEDY NO. 153 AS DIRECTED. 

Mix with the food our 

REMEDY NO. 154 AS DIRECTED. 

The pens should be washed with coal oil, and afterwards 
white-washed. Also white- wash all the objects the hogs 
have been in the habit of rubbing against. The bedding 
should be burned. 

Price of remedies Nos. 153 and 154 complete, $2.50. 

Each package of remedies Nos. 153 and 154 contain a 
sufficient quantity for twenty-five hogs. 



SCOURS— DIARRHOEA. 

This complaint is seldom met with in grown hogs, but 
pigs frequently have attacks of diarrhoea, which if permit 



136 Diseases of the Hog. 

ted to continue unchecked, will rapidly prostrate the pig and 
often terminate fatally. In the majority of cases the moth- 
er's milk is the cause. 

TREATMENT : — The condition of the mother's milk 
should be seen to at once. If she has been feeding on dry 
food, change at once to green. If on green food change to 
dry. Give the sow our 

RREMEDY NO. 20 AS DIRECTED. 

It is not advisable to give sucking pigs medicine, as it 
is more easily given by administering it to the sow ; and the 
pigs receive better results from the remedies, when admin- 
istered through the milk of the mother. 

Price of remedy No. 20, 50 cents. 



STAGGERS— EPILEPSY. 

This disease is caused by an excessive determination of 
blood to the head. 

SYMPTOMS: — The animal is restless but stupid; in- 
flamed eyes, pulse over-active, bowels are usually constipat- 
ed. As the disease advances the animal becomes excited, 
runs back and forth, or in a circle, colliding with objects, or 
may become unconscious. 

TREATMENT : — Cold water dashed over the body is 
very beneficial. Administer an injection at once composed of 

Epsom Salts two ounces. 

Spirits of Turpentine two drachms. 

Water (Warm) one pint. Mix. 

Give at one injection. Follow this treatment by blister- 
ing the back of the neck with our 

REMEDY NO. 1 AS DIRECTED. 
Hogs affected with this disease are seldom permanent- 



Diseases of the Hog. 137 

ly cured, and our advice is to dispose of the animal as soon 
as practical. 

Price of remedy No. I, 50 cents. 



STRANGLES—QUINSY— TONSILITIS. 

This is an inflammation of the glands of the throat. 
SYMPTOMS :— The animal breathes and swallows with 
great difficulty. At the onset of the disease, there will be 
slight swellings under the neck and lower jaw; as the dis- 
ease advances, these swellings increase in size, causing the 
tongue to protrude, and a decided exudation of saliva from 
the mouth. 

TREATMENT :— Shave the hair from the throat, and 
bathe the throat freely with warm water. Then with a sharp 
knife make an incision through the entire length of the 
swelling and press out the matter. Bathe again with warm 
water, and give internally as a physic — 

Epsom Salts four ounces. 

Water half pint. Mix. 

Give at one dose. Follow this treatment as quickly as 
possible by administering our 

REMEDY NO. 19 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



WORMS. 

KIDNEY WORMS OR LARD WORMS.— These 

worms are frequetly found in any or all parts of the body. 
But most frequently in the kidneys and the lard surrounding 
them. These worms seldom cause any serious annoyance 
unless a large worm called the Eustrongylus Gigas, makes 
its nest in the pelvis of the kidney. 



138 Diseases of the Hog. 

SYMPTOMS :— The animal will lie down the most of 
the time, and on attempting to rise, will manifest difficulty 
in using its hind parts, which apparently is partially or whol- 
ly paralyzed. If it is able to stand on its feet, it walks about 
with an awkward straddling gait. 

TREATMENT :— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 151 AS DIRECTED. 

This remedy will reach the worms quickly, and effec- 
tively; thereby relieving the animal of a very dangerous 
parasite. 

Price of remedy No. 151, 50 cents. 



POULTRY. 

THEIR 
DISEASES, SYMPTOMS AND REMEDIES. 




^^^'^'^:' ,,:i ''-S3 ' ? W, S5 



Good fowls are very profitable. Four acres of land, 
devoted to the rearing* of the best varieties of poultry, will 
at ordinary prices, be quite as productive as a farm of one 



140 Diseases of Poultry. 

hundred and fifty acres cultivated in the usual way. To 
make poultry profitable, it is only necessary that they be of 
good breed, that suitable places be provided for them, that 
they be properly fed, that they receive prompt and proper 
treatment when disease appears among them, and are care- 
fully and inteligently managed. These requirements are 
too rarely complied with, in every respect, to enable a cor- 
rect opinion to be formed as to what may be made out of 
poultry. 

Independent of all considerations of profitableness, do- 
mestic fowls are gifted with two qualifications, which — 
whether in man, beast, or bird — are sure to be popular; a 
courageous temper and an affectionate disposition. Wher. 
we add to these beauty of appearance and hardiness of con- 
stitution, it is no wonder that they are held in such universal 
esteem. The courage of the cock is emblematic, his gal- 
lantry admirable, and his sense of discipline and subordin- 
ation most exemplar}-. The hen is deservedly the acknowl- 
edged pattern of maternal love. When her passion of phil- 
oprogenitiveness is disappointed by the failure or subtrac- 
tion of her own brood, she will either continue incubating 
till her natural powers fail, or will violently kidnap the 
young of other fowls, and insist upon adopting them. 

For the different diseases among fowls we aim to give 
information that can be relied upon. Our remedies have 
been tried and found to be effectual, therefore can be used 
with perfect safety and will give the highest results. If you 
will carefully follow the directions for the various diseases 
of fowls, on the following pages, the trouble with disease 
and loss will be a very small item, and you will be surprised 
at the increase of the profit or income, from your fowls. 



Diseases of Poultry. 141 

ASTHMA. 

This disease is caused by an obstruction of the air- 
cells, by an accumulation of phlegm, which interferes with 
the exercise of their functions. Or it may be induced by 
fright, or undue excitement. It is sometimes produced by 
chasing fowls to catch them, by seizing them suddenly, or 
by fighting with each other. 

SYMPTOMS :— The fowl labors for breath, in con- 
sequence of not being able to take in the usual quantity of 
air at an inspiration. The capacity of the lungs is thereby 
dimished, the lining membrane of the wind-pipe becomes 
thickened, and its minute branches are more or less affected. 
Short breathing; opening of the beak often, and for quite 
a time; heaving and panting of the chest, and in case of 
rupture of a blood-vessel, a drop of blood appears upon the 
beak. 

TREATMENT :— Confirmed asthma is difficult to 
cure. But in the early state it can easily be treated with 
success. Keep the fowl warm and give a small quantity, or 
give as much as a good sized pea twice daily of the follow- 
ing mixture : 

Powdered Sulphur one ounce. 

Fresh Butter one ounce. 

Cayenne Pepper tenth teaspoon ful. Mix. 



BUMBLE FOOT. 

Bumble foot is the result of a bruise, usually caused 
by flying down upon some hard object as bare stones, floors, 
etc. 

TREATMENT :—With a sharp knife make an in- 
cision in the bottom of the foot, remove the tumor and ap 
ply the following ointment: 



142 Diseases of Poultry. 

Gum Camphor one-half ounce 

Spirits Turpentine two ounces. 

Goose or Skunk Oil two ounces. 

Mix the Turpentine and Camphor, then add the goose or 
skunk oil. Keep the foot perfectly clean, and wrap in soft 
cloths to prevent any dust or foreign substance entering the 
opening. Keep the patient on a floor that has an abund- 
ance of soft straw bedding. 



CANKER. 

Canker is usually caused by a cold, but sometimes from 
musty and unwholesome food. 

SYMPTOMS : — Sores appear in the mouth, covered 
by a formation having the consistency of cheese or tough 
white leather. 

TREATMENT : — The tough, cheesy matter should be 
scraped off with a quill. Then apply to the sore Sulphate 
of Iron daily. If the Iron is not convenient, Powdered 
Borax in some cases is quite as effectual. If the wind-pipe 
is filled there is but little chance for the recovery of the 
fowl. 



CHICKEN POX. 

SYMPTOMS :— The fowl becomes dull, stupid, and 
low spirited. Warty sores appear on the head. 

TREATMENT :— Bathe the head and thoroughly soak 
the sore places with equal parts of vinegar and warm water. 
Then apply a small quantity of our 

REMEDY NO. 156 AS DIRECTED. 
Our treatment will dry up the sores in twelve hours. 
Price of remedy No. 156, 50 cents. 



Diseases of Poultry. 143 

CHOLERA IN FOWLS. 

Cholera is a very contagious disease. When it makes 
its appearance no time should be lost in relieving the affect- 
ed fowls, and preventing further developments of this 
dreaded disease among the unaffected ones. If you suspect 
cholera, before administering any treatment, thoroughly ex- 
amine the coops, also the fowls, to make sure the trouble 
is not lice instead of cholera. In many cases where cholera 
was supposed to have destroyed a whole flock of chickens, 
it was afterwards found to be nothing more than lice. 

CAUSES OF CHOLERA :— Over-crowding, irregu- 
lar feeding of unwholesome food, improper ventilation and 
sanitation, atmospheric changes, and keeping fowls on low 
wet ground with poor drainage. 

SYMPTOMS : — Fowls appear droopy and sleepy, and 
very thirsty ; they sometimes stagger and fall down from 
weakness ; wattles and comb turn pale and sometimes dark, 
breathing becomes labored and faster and the fowl soon 
dies. 

TREATMENT :— Separate the sick birds from the 
well birds. Feed good nutritious food, to which has been 
added a portion of our 

REMEDY NO. 157 AS DIRECTED. 

With the drinking water mix our 

REMEDY NO 158 AS DIRECTED. 

Our remedies given to the well fowls is a sure preven- 
tive of cholera, and will cure the sick fowls if the disease is 
not to far advanced. Remedies Nos. 157 and 1 58 are pro 
pared in packages, each package contains sufficienl quanti 
ty for 250 fowls. 

Price of remedies Nos. 157 and 158 complete, $] 50 



144 Diseases of Poultry. 

CROP BOUND. 

This is usually caused by the fowl eating something 
that it cannot digest, as feathers, pieces of bone, etc., which 
obstructs the natural passage. 

TREATMENT :— Give the following : 

Lard one teaspoonful. 

Pepper one-half teaspoonful. 

Ginger one teaspoonful. 

Sulphur one teaspoonful. 

Asafoetida one-quarter teaspoonful. 

Mix with sufficient quantity flour to make a mass stifr 
enough to roll into pills, about the size of a pea. Give one 
pill morning and night. At noon give one teaspoonful of 
Castor Oil in four tablespoons ful of warm water. 



DIARRHCEA. 

Diarrhoea in fowls is generally caused by over-eating 
improper food, or drinking impure water. It is also the 
result of over-crowded quarters. 

TREATMENT :— All fowls that have diarrhoea 
should be placed on light diet, and given our (RE- 
NOWNED POULTRY POWDER.) 

REMEDY XO. 159 AS DIRECTED. 

This remedy will cure diarrhoea in fowls in its most 
aggravated form. 

Price of remedy No. 159, 50 cents. 



FROZEN COMBS. 

If you discover the frozen comb before the frost is out, 
apply kerosene oil. After a few hours apply glycerine. If 



Diseases of Poultry. 145 

the frost is out before you discover they have been frozen 
apply our 

REMEDY NO. 163 AS DIRECTED, 
if you have it, as this will give the most satisfactory result. 
But if you have not got it the following will answer, but 
will not give as speedy a result : 

Vaseline one-half ounce. 

Witchhazel one-half ounce. 

Mix thoroughly and apply. 

Price of remedy No. 163, 25 cents. 



GAPES. 

Gapes usually attacks chickens under four months' of 
age. Our 

REMEDY NO. 160 MIXED AS DIRECTED, 
In the food of yOung chicks will prevent the disease from 
making its appearance. This remedy is an absolute pre- 
vention of gapes. If gapes have made their appearance, 
use our 

REMEDY NO. 161 AS DIRECTED. 
This will dislodge and destroy the troublesome gape 
worm. 

Price of remedy No. 160, 25 cents. 
Price of remedy No. 161, 25 cents. 



LEG WEAKNESS. 

Leg weakness is caused by over-feeding, fowls become 
too fat, the body grows too fast or becomes to heavy in 
proportion to the strength of the legs. When afflicted with 
leg weakness the fowls usually sit on their hocks. When 
standing their legs tremble. 



146 Diseases of Poultry. 

TREATMENT : — Give one-half grain Quinine three 
limes a day, alternate this with a pill made with one drop 
of castor oil mixed with meal or soft bread. If in the 
course of three or four days the condition of the fowl is 
not improved, it will be impossible to effect a cure. 



LICE. 

By being conversant with the different kinds of lice 
that infest poultry, it will be an easy matter to destroy them. 
There are four distinct species of lice that receive their 
nourishment from the bodies of fowls and chicks : body 
lice, gray lice, shaft lice, and head lice. Body and shaft lice 
live on the body of the fowls both winter and summer. 
Gray lice and head lice are more annoying to chicks during 
their younger days. We have one more variety of lice that 
inhabit the poultry houses, and is commonly called mites, 
chiggers, hen lice and spider lice, but the proper name for 
them is coop lice. We will now take up the characteristics 
and destruction of the different varieties of lice. 

COOP LICE. — Coop lice lie dormant in cold weather, 
but in warm weather they multiply very rapidly. They 
work at night when the fowls are at roost, at which time 
millions of them swarm over the bodies of the poor birds. 
They do not leave the fowl until daybreak. Having filled 
themselves with blood they appear as a little red speck. Is 
it any wonder that chickens prefer, and in many cases in- 
sist, on roosting anywhere in preference to the hen-house 
which is infested with lice ? Coop lice during the day hicle or 
secrete themselves in nail holes, crevices, under loose boards, 
etc. Sucking blood only at night. 

TREATMENT : — Kerosene oil will destrov and kill 



Diseases of Poultry. 147 

these pests very quickly; but it is quite necessary to force 
it into every crack, crevice, or any place the lice might in- 
habit. It is not safe or advisable to apply kerosene to the 
nests. For the nests use our 

REMEDY NO. 155 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 

BODY AND SHAFT LICE.— This species of lice are 
very troublesome during both winter and summer. They 
inhabit the body of the fowl. Chickens cannot thrive when 
covered with lice, and if the vermin are not exterminated, 
disease will soon make its appearance among the flock. 

TREATMENT : — Road dust alone is an excellent ex- 
terminator for this variety of lice. Quantities of it should 
be thrown into the poultry houses, on the roosts, into the 
nests, and over the fowls. 

LICE ON LITTLE CHICKS.— These are known as 
head lice and gray lice, and can be driven from the chicks 
almost instantly, by using our 

REMEDY NO. 155 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



MOULTING OR SHEDDING FEATHERS. 

During the period of moulting fowls should have extra 
care. Feed plenty of nutritious food to which has been 
added our (POULTRY POWDER) 

REMEDY NO. 159 AS DIRECTED. 
Our powder will hasten the process of moulting, and 
at the same time keep the fowls in good condition, there- 
fore the hens will commence laving much sooner than the) 
would were they neglected. 

Price of remedy No. 159, 50 cents. 



148 Diseases of Poultry. 

PIP. 

Fowls affected with this disease breathe through the 
mouth, instead of the nostrils, which has a drying effect on 
the tongue and lining of the mouth and throat, forming a 
scale on the tongue. Pip is generally the sequel or result 
of roup. 

TREATMENT :— Oil the tongue with equal parts of 
lard and glycerine, which will gradually loosen the scales, 
after which remove them and give our 

REMEDY NO. 162 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 50 cents. 



ROUP. 

Roup is one of the most dreaded diseases that the fowl 
is subject to. It is generally caused by fowls being exposed 
to cold and dampness, draughts in hen-houses, or over- 
crowded coops. 

SYMPTOMS :— At first a rattle can be heard in the 
throat, accompanied by an exudation of a clear, odorless 
mucus from the nostrils, and often sneezing. As the dis- 
ease advances the discharge becomes more tenacious or 
sticky, and clogs up the nostrils, stopping the air passage, 
thereby forcing the fowl to breathe through the mouth. The 
eyes become swollen and discharges an offensive matter, 
and sometimes the mouth is full of cankers. 

TREATMENT:— Use our 

REMEDY NO. 162 AS DIRECTED. 
This remedy will always effect a cure if the disease is 
not to far advanced. When the disease is to far advanced 
there is no remedy that will cure it. But our remedy will 



Diseases of Poultry. 149 

cure very bad cases and NEVER FAILS to effect a cure 
when given in the early stage of the disease. 
Price of remedy No. 162, 50 cents. 



SCALY LEGS. 

For scaly legs, use our 

REMEDY NO. 163 AS DIRECTED, 
and in a few days the legs will be smooth and in a perfectly 
healthy condition. 

Price of remedy No. 163, 25 cents. 



SORE HEADS, ETC. 

Sore head on chickens, cuts and scratches from fight- 
ing, etc., is easily and effectually healed by using our 
REMEDY NO. 163 AS DIRECTED. 
Price, 25 cents. 



VERY IMPORTANT. 
If your hens are not laying the proper quantities of 
eggs, there is no profit in them for you. If you wish to 
make your fowls profitable, feed them our scientific and 
celebrated egg producing powder, 

REMEDY NO. 164 AS DIRECTED, 
which never fails to increase the egg product, forcing the 
hens to lay the greater part of the year, and at the same 
time keeping them in good condition. When hens are fed 
this powder they will require and desire very little resting 
time. Our powder will not only keep the hens in a healthy 
condition, but will increase their laying qualities from 35 
to 50 per cent. If you try our powder you will soon be 
convinced that it is a wonderful egg producer, and von will 
never again be without it. 

Price of remedy No. 164, $1.00. 



DISEASES OF THE DOG. 

THEIR 
CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT. 




CANKER OF THE EAR. 

Canker of the ear is produced from injuries to that 
organ, as being hit, or the dog coming forcibly in contact 
with some object. Dogs that are in the habit of being in 
water frequently and getting water into the ear are subject 
to canker. 

SYMPTOMS :— Violent and frequent shaking of the 
head, digging and scratching the ears with the paws. The 



Diseases of the Dog. 151 

dog carries its head to one side. The affected member looks 
red and swollen. 

TREATMENT: — In the early stages of canker, the 
disease is easily overcome. Place the animal strickly on 
vegetable diet, allowing no meat whatever. Cleanse -the ear 
with warm soap-suds. After being thoroughly cleansed, 
dry, and apply our 

REMEDY NO. 165 AS DIRECTED. 

After applying remedy No. 165 cover the ears with 
cloth to keep the dog from scratching and irritating the ears. 
Price of remedy No. 165, 50 cents. 



COLIC. 

The causes of colic are varied: over-eating when warm, 
being exposed to cold and wet, etc. 

SYMPTOMS : — Symptoms of colic are very pro- 
nounced. The dog will double itself up, roll around, whine 
and moan, refuses to eat, is constipated, and usually bloated. 
TREATMENT :— If the animal is constipated and 
bloated, give as an injection the following: 

Glycerine one-half teaspoonful. 

Warm (Water) two ounces. 

If this does not relieve the dog in the course of half an 
hour, the case is severe and will require more decided treat- 
ment. Immediately give our 

REMEDY NO. 166 AS DIRECTED, 
Followed by 

REMEDY NO. 167 AS DIRECTED, 

And apply heavy cloths wrung out of hot water to the bowels 
every twenty minutes. 
Price of remedies Nos. 166 and 167 complete, 50 cents. 



152 Diseases of the Dog. 

CONSTIPATION. 

Constipation is caused by insufficient exercise, and over- 
feeding on rich food. It is sometimes caused by bones be- 
ing lodged in the last bowel, obstructing the passage and 
preventing the passing away of the excrement, which in a 
short time becomes exceedingly hard. 

SYMPTOMS : — The dog lies around a considerable 
portion of the time, panting, and making frequent effort to 
pass excrement or dung, at which time the pain is general- 
ly severe, which is manifested by the cries of the dog. 

TREATMENT : — Constipation will readily succumb 
to the following treatment: give an injection composed of 

Raw Linseed Oil one ounce. 

Glycerine one-half drachm. 

Give internally — 

Tincture Gentian one drachm. 

Simple Syrup one ounce. 

Powdered Jalap one drachm. Mix. 

Give at one dose. If the bowels do not move within 
six hours, repeat the dose. 



DIARRHOEA— DYSENTERY. 

CAUSES : — Sudden changes of temperature from hot 
to cold, over-exercise during hot weather, over-eating, or 
feeding on improper food. 

SYMPTOMS : — Breath offensive, great desire to drink 
water, excrement soft or thin, stomach nauseated, eyes sunk- 
en. The animal is inclined to lie down most of the time, 
where it will not be disturbed. Should dysentery make its 
appearance, the passages from the bowels becomes more 



Diseases of the Dog. 153 

liquified and tinged with blood, accompanied by excessive 
straining, and the last bowel has an inflamed appearance. 

TREATMENT: — As diarrhoea is caused by some ir- 
ritant, it is advisable in the treatment of this disease to first 
give a mild physic ; a small tablespoonful of castor oil being 
preferable. Do not give any other medicine within twenty- 
four hours after giving the physic. After the twenty-four 
hours have elapsed give our 

REMEDY NO. 168 AS DIRECTED. 
Should the dog become greatly constipated from the 
effects of remedy No. 168, give a small tablespoonful of 
castor oil. 

Price of remedy No. 168, 75 cents. 



DISTEMPER. 

Distemper is a contagious disease. It is one of the most 
fatal diseases that young dogs are subject to. It most fre- 
quently occurs about the time the animal is cutting its sec- 
ond teeth. The principal causes are exposure to cold and 
moisture, sudden changes in temperature, climate, or sur- 
roundings. As young dogs are seldom free from worms, 
many authorities are inclined to the opinion that this is one 
of the causes of distemper appearing more frequently among 
young dogs. 

SYMPTOMS: — Appetite impared ; the dog appears 
dull, bowels overactive, stomach nauseated. These symptoms 
are soon followed by red, watery eyes, slight cough, and the 
pulse quickened. As the disease advances there is an ac- 
cumulation of secretion about the eyes and nose, accom- 
panied by a flow of mucus from the nostrils. The cont be 
comes rough, cough more severe, and the nose is very fever- 



154 Diseases of the Dog. 

ish. If the dog is not relieved at this stage of the disease, 
the same symptoms continue but are greatly aggravated. 
The nostrils become closed with a thick discharge, and the 
eyes are almost glued together with matter. The dog be- 
comes greatly emaciated, and the hind legs become para- 
lyzed. The paralysis increases until it afreets the entire 
body. The poor animal will remain in this prostrated con- 
dition, if not properly treated, until death relieves its suf- 
fering: 

TREATMENT : — Give the dog a clean, dry, and com- 
fortable bed, in a moderately warm (avoid excessive heat, 
or cold) place. Keep the bed clean and pure, and allow 
plenty of fresh air. Give soft food, as boiled rice, broth, 
bread and milk, crackers and milk, and clean fresh water to 
drink. Under no circumstances give the animal meat. If 
the cough is severe apply a mustard plaster over the chest 
and cover with a blanket. After the mustard has been ap- 
plied for one hour, remove it, wash the chest with warm 

> 

water and apply a little sweet oil, and give the following 
physic : Castor Oil half ounce. If the bowels do not operate 
within four hours, repeat the dose. And give our 

REMEDY NO. 169 AS DIRECTED. 

After giving remedy No. 169, should the bowels be- 
come constipated, give one tablespoonful of Syrup of Buck- 
thorn every three or four hours until the bowels operate. 
When the animal is convalescing, carefully protect it from 
exposure until there is a noticeable gain in flesh. By care- 
fully following our treatment a speedy recovery wiTl be the 
result". 

Price of remedy No. 169, $1.25. 



Diseases of the Dog. 155 

FITS. 

Fits are frequently met with in the dog. They are 
caused by brain affections or from any pressure upon the 
brain. Fits are also the result of irritation of the intestinal 
canal, as worms, indigestion, poisons, etc. 

TREATMENT : — When fits occur in young dogs, it is 
usually the result of worms or some intestinal derangement. 
In this form of fits the food should be composed of easily 
digested substances and the bowels kept open. Give our 
REMEDY NO. 170 AS DIRECTED. 
If the fits is the result of some brain affection they usu- 
ally terminate fatally ; but our 

REMEDY NO. 171 GIVEN AS DIRECTED, 
will quiet and relieve the dog, and in some cases effect a 
cure. 

Price of remedy No. 170, 50 cents. 
Price of remedy No. 171, 50 cents. 



INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS. 

Inflammation of the bowels is caused by sudden chilling 
when in a heated condition, or may result from poisons or 
irritating substances. Also from colic when not given the 
proper attention and treatment. 

SYMPTOMS: — Are similar to colic, but the pain in 
inflammation of the bowels is more continuous. Breathing 
rapid, pulse quickened, fever high. The dog evinces pain 
when pressure is applied upon the belly. Great uneasiness 
and whining. 

TREATMENT :— At once give our 

REMEDY NO. 172 AS DIRECTED. 



156 Diseases of the Dog. 

Apply mustard to the belly for one hour, after which 
apply to the full length of the belly a hot poultice made of 
bran. Give slippery elm tea. After recovery has taken 
place give a tablespoonful of Castor Oil ; but do not hasten 
a movement of the bowels. If the bowels do not operate 
after giving the oil, give an injection of warm soap-suds. 
Our remedy No. 172 will quickly and effectually relieve and 
cure inflammation of the bowels. 

Price of remedy No. 172, $1.00. 



LUNG FEVER— INFLAMMATION OF THE 

LUNGS. 
(Pneumonia.) 

This disease is usually the result of becoming suddenly 
chilled when over-heated, from exposure to wet and cold, 
changes of climate, changes of temperature, and colds that 
have been neglected. 

SYMPTOMS : — The dog has a languid and stupid ap- 
pearance, anxious countenance, eyes red ; painful breathing 
is manifested by a slight grunt at each expiration. Short dis- 
tressing cough. The animal is inclined to sit up until it be- 
comes exhausted. By applying the ear to the sides of the 
dog, over the lungs, you will hear unhealthy sounds. 

TREATMENT :— Place the dog in a comfortabje well 
ventilated place, free from draughts, where it is neither too 
cold or too warm, and give our 

REMEDY NO. 174 AS DIRECTED. 
Allow an abundance of cool fresh water to drink. Keep 
the bowels open but do not physic. The diet should be com- 
posed of soft, nourishing food, as milk, bread and milk, 
broth, boiled rice, etc. Bandage the legs with flannel, and 



Diseases of the Dog. 157 

keep the body moderately warm. After the third day apply 
mustard to the sides for one hour. Then remove the mus- 
tard, wash the surface, where it has been applied, with warm 
water, and rub on a little sweet oil, to soothe the burning 
sensation, and immediately blanket. Change the bedding 
frequently and keep the surroundings neat and clean. This 
treatment if carefully followed will prove successful in cur- 
ing lung fever. 

Price of remedy No. 174, $1.00. 



MADNESS— RABIES.— HYDROPHOBIA. 

This disease is incurable. And the sooner the animal 
is destroyed and put out of its misery the better. 



MANGE— SCAB-ITCH. 

Mange is a contagious disease. And is produced Sy a 
parasite. (For a discription of the mange parasite see scab 
in sheep.) These parasites are transferred from one dog 
to another, or from the dog coming in contact with objects 
where a mangy dog has been kept, or by the dog sleeping in 
quarters that are occupied by a mangy horse, or by coming 
in contact with any animal that is affected with mange. 

SYMPTOMS : — Owing to the irritated and itchy con- 
dition of the skin, the dog frequently and persistently 
scratches itself. Red pimples and eruptions make their ap- 
pearance on the inside of the hind legs, along the belly, 
about the eyes, around the elbows, and eventually spreading 
over the entire body. The hair falls oft" or is rubbed or 
scratched oft in spots, and scales or scabs are formed. The 
skin has a dry harsh, and scaly appearance. The itching 



158 Diseases of the Dog. 

becomes so intense, tljat the dog scratches or rubs itself un- 
til sore spots are formed. 

TREATMENT :— Give as a physic 

Powdered Jalap ". one drachm. 

Syrup one ounce. Mix. 

Give at one dose. Wash the dog thoroughly with warm 
water and soft-soap, using care to remove all scabs and dirt. 
Dry thoroughly and apply our 

REMEDY NO. 173 AS DIRECTED. 
The kennels must be thoroughly renovated. Burn all 
straw or anything that has been used for bedding, and dis- 
infect the walls with lime and water. 

Price of remedy No. 173, $1.00. 



WORMS. 

The principal varieties of worms that infest dogs, are 
the long round worms, and the tapeworm. 
LONG ROUND WORMS. 

About 50 per cent, of the dogs examined after death, 
are found to be infested with the long round worms. They 
are found in the bowels and stomach, where they produce 
great irritation. Frequently creating so much irritation and 
disturbance, that they produce spasms or fits. Sometimes 
these worms gain access to the throat, nostrils, wind-pipe 
and lungs. 

SYMPTOMS : — .Sometimes dogs are infested with 
worms without any apparent symptoms. But the following 
symptoms usually are present : dry short cough, rough coat, 
bad smelling breath, voracious appetite, without any inclin- 
ation to take on flesh. Bowels irregular. Attempts at vom- 
iting. Sometimes the dog vomits worms. The animal may 



Diseases of the Dog. 159 

snap and bite at anything within reach, or may be seized 
with fits or spasms. Should the worms find their way into 
the nose or throat, a frothy spume will be observed coming 
from the throat and mouth. If your dog presents a woe- 
begone appearance, you may safely conclude the dog is trou- 
bled with worms. 

TREATMENT :— Give our 

REMEDY NO. 175 AS DIRECTED. 
After administering our remedy seen mornings as di- 
rected, give as a physic one ounce of Castor Oil. This treat- 
ment will be all that is necessary to destroy the long round 
worms. 

Price of remedy No. 175, 75 cents. 

TAPEWORM. 

The tapeworm is the most injurious variety of intestinal 
worms. It gains access to the intestines of the dog, through 
the dog feeding upon contaminated meat. The length of the 
tapeworm that infests dogs, varies from a few inches to sev- 
eral feet, and is made up of joints; each joint measuring 
from one-eighth to one-half inch in length. After the worm 
has grown to its full length, as fast as the joints mature, 
they pass away from the bowels, usually mingled with the 
excrement, at which time they deposit their eggs. When 
these eggs or ova are deposited on the grass or other feed, 
and picked up and taken into the stomachs of hogs, sheep, 
cattle, rabits, etc., they are in a short time hatched into a 
free small worm which burrows through the bowels, and 
locates itself in some part of the flesh or brain, and there 
becomes encysted until eaten by some person, or some ani 
mal, when it developes into another tapeworm. There are 
two species of tapeworm which infest dogs. But as the) re 



160 Diseases of the Dog. 

quire the same treatment we deem it unnecessary to make 
any distinction. 

SYMPTOMS : — Are very similar to the symptoms of 
long round worms, but can be detected from that variety by 
the appearance of the joints in the excrement or dung. 

TREATMENT:— The speediest and most effectual 
way to relieve the dog of tapeworm, is to administer our 

REMEDY NO. 176 AS DIRECTED. 

This remedy never fails ot remove tapeworm. 
Price of remedy No. 176, $1.00. 



WOLF & DESSAUER 



We wish to call your attention to the fact that we are 
headquarters for Northern Indiana for RELIABLE 

Trust-worthy Dry Goods, Cloaks, Suits, Skirts, Petticoats, 
Waists, Corsets, Furs, Capes, Wrappers, Shades, all kinds 
of Drapery Materials, Blankets, Comforters, Rugs, etc., etc. 

AT GUARANTEED LOWEST PRICES. 



All we ask for is if you are not already a customer of our's to mererly give us 
a trial on your next purchase, and if we don't show you a larger line to select 
from, and if we don't save you from 5 per cent, to 15 per cent, on your purchases, 
or if you csn find anything - but the best class of merchandise the domestic and 
foreign markets produce— we don't want your business. 

Another good reason for your trading with us is the fact that when ever you 
n-ake a purchase in our store, no matter what it is, and if it is not satisfactorly, 
bring it back and & xchange it for other goods, or you can have your money back. 







We are Agents for Wooltex Cloaks Skirts and Suits. 




GOLDEN, THE HATTER. 




The Largest Hat Store in the City ! 



\h 




We sell the best, and Up 
to Date styles in Men's 
Soft and Stiff Hats at $1.50 
$2, $2.50, $3, $4 and up. 



m 



Telescopes 50c, 75c, $1 and Up. 




\» 



The LARGEST line of 
Trunks, prices $2.50, $3.50, 
$4.50, $5 and Up. 



m 



REMEMBER THE PLACE, 

GOLDEN, THE HATTER, 

COR. CALHOUN AND BERRY STS. 





WHEN IN NEED OF ANYTHING IN 

FURNITURE 



CALL IN AND GET OUR PRICES. 



THE 

PAPE FURNITURE CO. 

126-128-130 EAST BERRY. 




WE SING 
THE 
PRAISE 
OF 



C. C. Schlatter & Co. 



The largest dealers in Hardware, Paints and Oils 
in Northern Indiana. When you want strictly 
first class material at the lowest prices. Call on 
us, we will cheerfully furnish you an estimate. 

AGENTS FOR 

Mann's Green Bone Cutter 



f Sherwin-Williams' Paints 



C. C. SCHLATTER & CO. 

The Leading Hardware Dealers, 
202, 204 and 206 E. Columbia St., 

FORT WAYNE, - INDIANA. 





THIS Agency has contracted with several sub-agencios in Illinois. Ohio and 
Indiana to send farm buyers to Allen County, and during the past season 
a large number of good farms have been disposed of. It you desire to soil 
your farm I will show it to one of these buyers. Please call a! the office, or ad- 
dress me stating fully how much, what kind of land, and price wanted. It yon 
wish to buy a farm, you will be shown what we have free of cost; or should von 
decide to buy or exchange^for a|J home in^the city we have property of every 
description. 

W. EL. DOUD, 

REAL ESTATE and LOANS. 

Over old National bank, cornercalhoun and berry sts 



The Citizens Trust Co. 

CORNER BERRt AND CLINTON STREETS. 

Opposite Postofflce. 



CAPITAL $200,000.00. 



Should Receive the Patronage of Every Farmer in 
Allen County. 

W H Y ? =i— = 



BECAUSE they pay 3 per cent, interest on deposits. 
BECAUSE they loan money on farm mortgages at low 

rates of interest. 
BECAUSE they are under the supervision of the State 

of Indiana. 
BECAUSE they buy Sale Notes and can accommodate the 

farmer in a hundred different ways. 



They invite your investigation and will render you 
assistance in making sales and closing up and settling 
estates. Our officers and directors are substantial business 

men. 



OFFICERS : 

JOHN FERGTSON. ??zs:rz>-T. 
FREMONT 1. JONES. OWEN N. HEATON. 

Vice-Preside: ri 2>r :::?i;::zy: 

CHARLES F. PFEIFFER. ERNEST W. COOK. 

Jr~ V:cB-PsE5XDz:-"r ;::?a:i?T. 

Dl REOTORS : 

Johs Ferguson Joh^t P. Evavs Cwawhbs W. Ore 

Gottlieb Haiii? Fremoxt L. Joxes Owex N. Hsato>- 

Bkhbsi W. Coos Easky A. £e?:i>"gei Cea?.iis F. PrsrFFRR 

ISTDOS LBEilAV GZOKGE W. BeE?-= CHi?.LIS H. N2"X70>" 



COMB AND SECEC US 



=§fi 



THE NEW STORE 

Invites you to inspect the most stylish, the 
most durable and best selected line of Men's 
Suits at $10, $12, $15, $18 and $20 ever shown 
in the city.^-" - ""SSES^^ 



f 






Our handsome and 
attractive windows 
will always reflect 
Fashion's LATEST 
Decrees. 










Our price will never 
never be lower than 
GOOD QUALITY 
demands. 






Shields' Clothing Co., 



722 Calhoun St. 



Opp. Court House, 



New Implement House 

In Fort Wayne. 



214216 EAST COLUMBIA STREET. 




Stocked with a Large Assortment of Fine New 
PLOWS, PLANTERS, CULTIVATORS, 
RAKES, HARROWS AND OTHER 
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 

Made by David Bradley Manufacturing Co., Bradley, 
111., one of the largest implement manufacturers in 
the United States. Our plows comprise over 250 
styles and sizes including steel combination and 
chilled plows, right and left hand. 

Also a Full Line of Wagons, Buggies, Seeders, 
Binders, Mowers, Hay Tedders and Loaders, 
Drills, Engines, and Threshers, Etc., Etc. 



GEORGE W.llBRUCKINER. 




The MOST IMPORTANT News to the Farmer is the 

DAILY MARKET REPORT. 



THE FORT WAYNE 

Journal -Gazette 

Publishes a more complete and later Market 
Report than any other Fort Wayne paper. 

IT ALSO PUBLISHES ALL THE OTHER NEWS. 

jgT~Daily and Sunday 40c a month; Daily without Sunday 30c a month. 

subscribe: now. 

You can get it by Rural Route or at your Post Office. 






:::NV{ 



Parrots Studio 



21 and 23 West Berry St., • Tort Wayne, Tnd. 



M 




^ 



V&:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 



::-:;:::» 



BABIES PICTURED AS BABIES. 
MINIATURES ON IVORY. 



DUPLICATES RROM BARROWS AND 

SHOARF negatives. 



s& 



m 



WALL PAPER! 



WE MAKE CURTAINS WE FRAME 
FRAMES. FRAMES PlcnjRES - 

We invite you to call and see our new novelties for the 

Spring- — we have them all. 

If you want something - different than your neighbors, 

call and see us. We carry a special line that 

cannot be found elsewhere. 

ASK TO SEE 25c PAPERS WE ARE SELLING FOR 10c. 

Wall Papers all Prices from 3c per Roll Up. 

KEIL & KEIL. 

116 Calhoun Street .'. New No. 926. 



W. W. MUNGEN, 

DENTIST, 

221 West Wayne St. 

Fort Wayne, Ind. 



Monroe W, Fitch & Sons, 

General Insuranc, Real Estate, 
Loans and Rentals, -*■*. 

2SDFL00R 818 CALHOUN ST., 

TELEPHONE 1360. 

FORT WAYNE, INDIANA. 

Real Estate and Loans a Specialty. 
Single Comb Black Ittinorca Chickens 

Are hardy, both as fowls and chicks, 
easily raised, mature early and 

youngs They are non-setters, are -jOk?* < 

— el. z. J .ic:ri :: 2.:: 5 ::! = i-i elites j?V*-^~ 

ii: ire c:n~ irTri \'-t :es: l^-er; «« v ' ~J 

whether in confinement or allowed 
■;:'.:-.:e-: rur;. - Zr'.z cl - . — 2.* = - 
a pure black with a green metallic 
lnstre, and as a table fowl the7 ire 
unexcelled- 

Stock and Eggs for sale 

For good ap to da*e stock, call oa 
or write t 

CHARLES G. PAPE. 

: I " : : : 1 5 = 5 : . F ■: ~ Wayne. Lad . ^|fesH£l5?3Bll3i^1^* 

(Vice President of Indiana Ameri- 
can Black Minorca Club. Won 1st 

:- w.;Vere'_. -t: 3.-1 Pzlle:.— F :r: 
- ne show, 1902: also 1st on Cock- 
erel ::; ^e^ s.-± L~: and Zni :n ?zl- 

e:— 2\ 2.' ile-:-. I i:;. si: — . l'<2- 




DREIER & BRO., 

Wholesale and Retail Druggists, always carry 
a full and suberb stock of 

Drugs, Chemicals, Crutches, Crusses, 



PAINTS, OILS, VARNISHES, ETC. 



.^^"Sole Agents for the International Stock and Poultry Food, 

Black L<eaf Sheep Dip, Insectisides and Fruit 

Spraying - Compounds. 

PRICES REASONABLE. 



C. SCHIEFER & SON 



the; leading dealers in 



Boots, Shoes # Rubbers 

For Farm use. All reliable and solid, every pair WARRANTED 
Also Fine Dress Shoes at prices to suit the purchaser. 

OUR SIGN. 




WE KEEP NO SHODDY GOODS. 

No. 108 E. Columbia St. FORT WAYNE, INDIANA. 




Everything 
on Wheels 

Absolutely the largest stock of 
Bicycles, New and Second Hand, 
in the city. All we ask is a call. 

All Kinds of Talking 
Machines, $5.00 Up. 



The Pioneer Bicycle Store, 

Corner Berry and Harrison. 
FORT WAYNE, I IN D I A IN A . 



THE RANDALL 
WHEEL CO.^ 




' II IMIHH I II II HI I I I HIIIH IMIHII »♦! I MI I HH ♦♦ . » « « «-j 



Prank Oralbeir 




m 





(3ir<§atesft' Be (Sfigam° Mamimf aetared 
©r S©M in. UmidSaiuia. 



■ ♦♦■»■♦•»»♦ »»»»♦♦»♦♦»• < 



i m i 




PATENTS 



AND 



Patent Law. 



£2 
3^ 






*TO 



fe422r 










>5Efc 



e*bi 



Chapin & Denny 

SEND SKETCH OR MODEL 
OF YOUR INVENTION 

FORT WAYNE, IIND. 

BASS BLOCK. 



WE ARE AGENTS FOR THE STOCK 
METAL SYRINGE: 

Size 4 ounce, •$£ • l 7 / ^. 
66 ® « 1.S5. 

" 16 « l.'Tff. 

^THE LIVE STOCK S 
PROPRIETORY REMEDY CO. 

FORT WAYNE, INDIANA. 



APRS 



APR 28 1902 

APR. 16 1*Q 2 



We are Agents 



for Fort Wayne for the 

WOOLTEX 

Ladies', Misses and Children's 
^ JACKETS, CLOAKS, SUITS, 

SKIRTS AND CAPES. 

THE} most important element in a garment shown is the 
wear. It is the machinery of a watch that determines 
its lasting value, so in the Wooltex garments it is the qual- 
ity of the cloth and lining, and highly important, too, the 
quality and workmanship of the interlining that deter- 
mines the satisfaction the garment will give. 

There are just two ways of determining whether a gar- 
ment will keep its shape or lose it after a short period. One 
way is to wear it, in which case your own experience deter- 
mines the fact, but this is an expensive way to you, for if 
the garment proves unsatisfactory, what remedy is there ? 

The other method is by buying a Wooltex garment. 
The manufacturers of them have taken the necessary pre- 
cautions to insure satisfactory wear. The Wooltex label is 
an insurance policy guaranteeing your satisfaction. 



We are Agents for New Idea Patterns, Price 10c. 



WE GIVE LI. S. STAMPS. 



Wolf & Dessauer. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



